CVE-2025-9612

// CVE-2025-9612 PoC - PCIe IDE TLP Replay Attack Simulation // Note: This is a conceptual PoC for educational purposes only // Actual exploitation requires physical access to PCIe bus #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // Simulated PCIe TLP structure typedef struct { unsigned int tag; // TLP Tag field unsigned int seq_num; // Sequence number (if present) unsigned char data[64]; // TLP payload unsigned int length; // Data length unsigned int encrypted; // Encryption flag } PCIe_TLP; // Simulated IDE encryption context typedef struct { unsigned int session_key; unsigned int iv_counter; } IDE_Context; // Capture encrypted TLP (requires PCIe bus access) void capture_encrypted_tlp(PCIe_TLP *tlp, IDE_Context *ctx) { // In real attack: Use PCIe analyzer or malicious endpoint device // to intercept encrypted TLPs from the bus printf("[ATTACK] Capturing encrypted TLP with tag: %d\n", tlp->tag); printf("[ATTACK] Current IV counter: %d\n", ctx->iv_counter); } // Replay captured TLP without proper validation int replay_tlp(PCIe_TLP *original, IDE_Context *ctx) { // Vulnerability: Tag uniqueness not enforced, IV replay not detected if (original->tag == 0) { // Simulated check - fails in vulnerable impl printf("[VULN] Replay detected! Tag reuse: %d\n", original->tag); return 0; // Attack blocked } // Vulnerable implementation allows replay printf("[VULN] TLP replayed successfully (tag: %d)\n", original->tag); printf("[VULN] Data integrity violated - no detection!\n"); return 1; // Attack succeeded } // Reorder attack simulation int reorder_tlp_attack(PCIe_TLP *tlp1, PCIe_TLP *tlp2) { printf("[ATTACK] Reordering TLPs...\n"); printf("[ATTACK] Original order: TLP%d -> TLP%d\n", tlp1->tag, tlp2->tag); printf("[ATTACK] Reordered to: TLP%d -> TLP%d\n", tlp2->tag, tlp1->tag); // Vulnerability: No sequence number validation printf("[VULN] Reordering not detected - integrity check bypassed!\n"); return 1; } int main() { IDE_Context ctx = {.session_key = 0xDEADBEEF, .iv_counter = 100}; PCIe_TLP tlp1 = {.tag = 5, .seq_num = 1, .length = 64, .encrypted = 1}; PCIe_TLP tlp2 = {.tag = 6, .seq_num = 2, .length = 64, .encrypted = 1}; printf("=== CVE-2025-9612 PoC ===\n"); printf("PCIe IDE TLP Ordering and Tag Uniqueness Issue\n\n"); // Step 1: Capture encrypted TLP capture_encrypted_tlp(&tlp1, &ctx); // Step 2: Replay attack replay_tlp(&tlp1, &ctx); // Step 3: Reorder attack reorder_tlp_attack(&tlp1, &tlp2); printf("\n[CONCLUSION] System vulnerable to CVE-2025-9612\n"); return 0; }

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-9612", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-09T19:15:50.730", "lastModified": "2026-01-14T17:43:47.990", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "An issue was discovered in the PCI Express (PCIe) Integrity and Data Encryption (IDE) specification, where insufficient guidance on Transaction Layer Packet (TLP) ordering and tag uniqueness may allow encrypted packets to be replayed or reordered without detection. This can enable local or physical attackers on the PCIe bus to violate data integrity protections."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "baseScore": 5.1, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "NONE"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.5, "impactScore": 2.5}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:pcisig:pci_express_integrity_and_data_encryption:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5FC26D98-4F15-4B0D-B661-BF2894CF8F5B"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://pcisig.com/PCIeIDEStandardVulnerabilities", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://pcisig.com/specifications", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Product"]}, {"url": "https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/404544", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}]}}