Security Vulnerability Report
中文
CVE-2025-59278 CVSS 7.8 HIGH

CVE-2025-59278

Published: 2025-10-14 17:16:10
Last Modified: 2025-10-27 19:44:50

Description

Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score
7.8
Severity
HIGH
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
Windows 10 版本1507至22H2各版本
Windows 11 24H2/25H2
Windows Server 2016
Windows Server 2019
Windows Server 2022
Windows Server 2025

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only
The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.
python
# CVE-2025-59278 - Windows Authentication Methods Privilege Escalation PoC (Conceptual) # This is a conceptual proof-of-concept demonstrating the exploitation approach. # Actual exploitation requires specific knowledge of the vulnerable authentication method internals. import ctypes import struct import sys # Note: This PoC demonstrates the general concept of exploiting improper # type validation in Windows Authentication Methods for local privilege escalation. # The actual exploit would require reverse engineering of the specific vulnerable # component to identify the exact code path and craft appropriate inputs. def exploit_concept(): """ Conceptual PoC for CVE-2025-59278 Targets: Windows Authentication Methods Result: Local Privilege Escalation to SYSTEM """ print("[*] CVE-2025-59278 - Windows Authentication Methods EoP PoC") print("[*] Checking current privileges...") # Step 1: Verify we are running with low privileges # The exploit requires at least a low-privileged local account try: # Check if we have admin/SYSTEM privileges is_admin = ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin() if is_admin: print("[!] Already running with elevated privileges") return except Exception: pass print("[*] Current user has low privileges - proceeding with exploitation") # Step 2: Prepare malicious input payload # The vulnerability stems from improper validation of specified input types # in the Windows Authentication Methods component. # We craft a specially designed input that bypasses type validation checks. # Craft malformed authentication request with incorrect type specification payload = struct.pack("<I", 0xDEADBEEF) # Invalid type identifier payload += b"\x00" * 256 # Padding / controlled data print("[*] Malicious payload prepared") # Step 3: Trigger the vulnerable code path # Interact with the Windows Authentication Methods API # This step requires knowledge of the specific vulnerable API surface # and the exact parameters that trigger the type validation bypass. # Conceptual call to vulnerable authentication method: # result = trigger_auth_method_vulnerability(payload) # Step 4: Achieve privilege escalation # If successful, the process token is elevated to SYSTEM print("[*] Attempting privilege escalation...") print("[*] Note: Actual exploitation requires specific knowledge of the") print(" vulnerable authentication method internals and proper payload crafting.") print("[*] Refer to Microsoft Security Advisory for patch information.") if __name__ == "__main__": if sys.platform != "win32": print("[!] This PoC is designed for Windows systems only") sys.exit(1) exploit_concept() # Mitigation: Apply Microsoft October 2025 security updates # Reference: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59278

References

Raw JSON Data

JSON
{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-59278", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-14T17:16:10.217", "lastModified": "2025-10-27T19:44:49.947", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-1287"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.10240.21161", "matchCriteriaId": "9D5EB1D1-8C53-4188-90B9-8ED2FD2837BD"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "A6CE9E60-F2F1-43F2-A535-5326E903D219"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "B51B700D-B45F-4A8E-9F78-67A1282B3BEA"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19044.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "1485A427-10FF-4C39-9911-4C6F1820BE7F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.19045.6456", "matchCriteriaId": "26CAACAA-3FE8-4740-8CF2-6BF3D069C47F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22621.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "6F387FA2-66C8-4B70-A537-65806271F16A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.22631.6060", "matchCriteriaId": "A3FEBF91-5010-4C84-B93A-6EFA4838185A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "41E9F7AC-8E6D-43A0-A157-48A5E0B5BD0D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5F422A8C-2C4E-42C8-B420-E0728037E15C"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2ACA9287-B475-4AF7-A4DA-A7143CEF9E57"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A7DF96F8-BA6A-4780-9CA3-F719B3F81074"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DB18C4CE-5917-401E-ACF7-2747084FD36E"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.14393.8519", "matchCriteriaId": "7A8CC16F-8B44-4E7D-8503-25D753387345"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.17763.7919", "matchCriteriaId": "20810926-AEC9-4C09-9C52-B4B8FADECF3A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.20348.4294", "matchCriteriaId": "B1C1EA69-6BB8-4E59-8659-43581FDB48B7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.25398.1913", "matchCriteriaId": "370C12D6-90EF-44BE-8070-AA0080C12600"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "10.0.26100.6899", "matchCriteriaId": "72C1771B-635B-41E3-84AF-8822467A1869"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59278", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}